Chemical characterization of Glaucosciadium cordifolium (Boiss.) B. L. Burtt & P. H. Davis essential oils and their antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities

Chemical composition of volatile oils obtained from the roots, fruits and aerial parts of Glaucosciadium cordifolium (Boiss.) B. L. Burtt& P. H. Davis (Apiaceae) were analyzed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector/mass spectrometry, simultaneously. Furthermore, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of G. cordifolium volatile oils were investigated for possible utilization. Total of 62 volatile compounds were identified in G. cordifolium essential oils, where the main component was characterized as alpha-pinene in all parts, commonly. The other main components were beta-pinene (15.7%), (Z)-beta-ocimene (14%) and sabinene (7%) in the volatile oil of the aerial part; sabinene (10.1%), beta-pinene (10.1%) and alpha-phellandrene (5.3%) in the essential oil of the fruits; hexadecane (12.2%), tetradecane (11.9%), octadecane (7.4%) in the essential oil obtained from the root, respectively. The in vitro microdilution method was used for the antimicrobial activity testing against Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539, Acinetobacter baumanii ATCC 19606, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Staphylococcus aereus ATCC 6538, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504 and Mycobacterium avium ATCC 25291. The best antimicrobial activity of the volatile oils was against L. monocytogenes among the tested microorganisms. In addition, DPPH center dot-ABTS(center dot) scavenging activity was tested, none of the essential oils showed any significant antioxidant activity.