İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
DSpace@Medipol, İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi tarafından doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak yayınlanan; kitap, makale, tez, bildiri, rapor, araştırma verisi gibi tüm akademik kaynakları uluslararası standartlarda dijital ortamda depolar, Üniversitenin akademik performansını izlemeye aracılık eder, kaynakları uzun süreli saklar ve telif haklarına uygun olarak Açık Erişime sunar.
Güncel Gönderiler
Assessment of nasal respiration and three-dimensional airway volume changes in orthognathic surgery patients
(2024) Koçyiğit Daştan, Hayrunisa; Temiz, Mustafa; Münevveroğlu, Sümer; Uçkan, Sina
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of maxillary movements in orthognathic surgery on nasal airway volume change and its correlation with airflow and resistance. Materials and methods: This study included 25 patients (8 male, 17 female) with Class II (6 patients) or Class III (19 patients) malocclusion. All patients underwent Le Fort I and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Nasal airflow and resistance were measured by using rhinomanometry and acoustic rhinometry pre and six months post-operatively. Nasal volume was measured using computed tomography before surgery and six months after surgery. Results: Nasal volume increased in 10 out of 11 patients with CCW (counterclockwise) rotation and decreased in 1 patient while, nasal volume increased in 5 patients with CW (clockwise) rotation and decreased in 9 patients. Superior nasal airway volume increased significantly, while the effects on nasal flow and resistance were not significant. Additionally, no significant correlation was found between airway volume changes and variations in airflow and resistance. Conclusion: CCW rotation in orthognathic surgery patients significantly increased superior nasal airway volume but did not improve nasal airway flow and resistance.
Evaluating cranial landmarks for yaw orientation in natural head position: a 3D study
(2024) Münevveroğlu, Sümer; Gürler, Gökhan; Özel, Abdullah
Objectives: To assess the symmetry of various cranial anthropometric points used as references for yaw orientation in the natural head position (NHP), relative to the mid-sagittal plane. Materials and methods: A prospective analysis using tomography data from 55 patients was conducted. Radiopaque markers, placed on patients in NHP, facilitated head position recording in three planes, with subsequent digital transfer for orientation analysis. Symmetry of eight points (zygomaxillare, zygion, ectoconchion, frontozygomatic suture, stephanion, porion, mastoidale, condylion laterale) was measured against the mid-sagittal plane. Results: Significant asymmetry was observed in the stephanion, frontozygomatic suture, and ectoconchion points (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the symmetry of other points (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Findings suggest that stephanion, frontozygomatic suture, and ectoconchion are unreliable for yaw orientation in NHP. Other points, combined with clinical measurements, may offer better reliability.
Optimal hydrofluoric acid etching duration and ımpact of silane/adhesive on profilometric properties and bonding to lithium disilicate glass ceramics
(2024) Porto, Thiago Soares; Faddoul, Alexandre Joseph; Park, Scott Juyoung; Feitosa, Victor Pinheiro; Eyüboǧlu, Tan Fırat; Özcan, Mutlu
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the surface roughness, surface free energy (SFE), and shear bond strength (SBS) on a lithium disilicate glassceramic surface following varying etching protocols (time variation) and application of silane either with or without adhesive material. Methods and Materials: Lithium disilicate glassceramic (LDGC) computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) blocks were cut using a slow-speed cutting mechanism. CAD/CAM blocks were then evaluated for surface roughness, 6 groups (n=20); SFE,12 groups (n=5); and SBS, 10 groups (n=10). The cut CAD/CAM blocks were randomly allocated to 28 groups. Groups were based on the following: 30 or 90 seconds of etching with 9% hydrofluoric acid (HF); application or absence of silane coupling agent (Sil); and application or absence of adhesive (Adh). The control group (Cont) had untreated surfaces. Unetched surfaces were surveyed with only silane (Sil), only adhesive (Adh), or silane+adhesive (SilAdh). Further etched groups were HF30 with HF for 30 seconds, HF30-Sil, HF30-Adh, and HF30-SilAdh. Alternative 90-second etching times produced similar groups: HF90, HF90-Sil, HF90- Adh, and HF90-SilAdh. A digital profilometer was used to assess the surface roughness of specimens, and two readings were recorded. Sessile drop analysis was used to examine SFE specimens, and the OWRK model was modified to measure liquid surface tension. A universal testing machine (UltraTester, Ultradent Products, Inc, South Jordan, UT, USA) was utilized for the SBS test, with the crosshead speed set at 0.5 mm/min until failure. Representative treated specimens from each group were submitted to surface morphological evaluation and chemical analysis using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDXS) (n=3). After data collection, evaluation using one- or two-way analysis of variance and the post-hoc Tukey test (α=5%) was conducted. Results: A longer etching time of 90 seconds produced a rougher surface. After the 90-second etching process, SFE displayed the greatest values; nevertheless, the use of silane did not affect SFE. For every group examined, the application of silane followed by adhesive resulted in an increase in SBS and more stable bonding over time. SEM/ EDXS showed that etching times did affect the amount of cerium on the surface and altered surface morphology. Conclusions: Higher and more consistent bond strengths have been observed with longer etching periods. Silane and adhesive application on the ceramic surface showed stronger and enhanced bond strength, specifically when longer etching times were employed.
Pharmacoeconomic implications of preference toward reference- versus generic-brand antidepressants in primary care
(2024) Gültekin, Onur; Aydın, Volkan; Bayram, Dilara; Ataç, Ömer; Akıcı, Ahmet
Background: The prevalence of depression is gradually increasing worldwide with an increasing utilization of antidepressants. Nevertheless, despite their lower costs, generic-brand antidepressants were reported to be less prescribed. We aimed to examine the costs of reference- versus generic-brand antidepressant prescriptions in primary care practice. Methods: This cross-sectional study included electronic prescriptions for adult patients that contained antidepressants (World Health Organization's Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)A code: N06A), which were generated by a systematically selected sample of primary care doctors (n = 1431) in Istanbul in 2016. We examined the drug groups preferred, the reference- versus generic-brand status, and pharmacotherapy costs. Findings: The majority of the prescriptions were prescribed for women (71.8%), and the average age of the patients was 53.6 ± 16.2 years. In prescriptions with a depression-related indication (n = 40 497), the mean number and cost of drugs were 1.5 ± 1.0 and 22.7 ± 26.4 United States Dollar per prescription, respectively. In these prescriptions, the mean number and cost of antidepressants per encounter were 1.1 ± 0.2 and 17.0 ± 13.2, respectively. Reference-brand antidepressants were preferred in 58.2% of depression-related prescriptions, where the mean cost per prescription was 18.3 ± 12.4. The mean cost per prescription of the generics, which constituted 41.8% of the antidepressants in prescriptions, was 15.1 ± 11.4. We found that if the generic version with the lowest cost was prescribed instead of the reference-brand, the mean cost per prescription would be 12.9 ± 11.2. Conclusions: Our study highlighted the substantial pharmacoeconomic impact of generic-brand antidepressant prescribing, whose preference over reference-brands could reduce the cost of antidepressant medication treatment by 17.5% in primary care, which could be approximately doubled if the cheapest generic antidepressant had been prescribed.
Federated analysis of autosomal recessive coding variants in 29,745 developmental disorder patients from diverse populations
(2024) Chundru, V. Kartik; Zhang, Zhancheng; Walter, Klaudia; Lindsay, Sarah J.; Danecek, Petr; Ayaz, Akif; Martin, Hilary C.
Autosomal recessive coding variants are well-known causes of rare disorders. We quantified the contribution of these variants to developmental disorders in a large, ancestrally diverse cohort comprising 29,745 trios, of whom 20.4% had genetically inferred non-European ancestries. The estimated fraction of patients attributable to exome-wide autosomal recessive coding variants ranged from ~2–19% across genetically inferred ancestry groups and was significantly correlated with average autozygosity. Established autosomal recessive developmental disorder-associated (ARDD) genes explained 84.0% of the total autosomal recessive coding burden, and 34.4% of the burden in these established genes was explained by variants not already reported as pathogenic in ClinVar. Statistical analyses identified two novel ARDD genes: KBTBD2 and ZDHHC16. This study expands our understanding of the genetic architecture of developmental disorders across diverse genetically inferred ancestry groups and suggests that improving strategies for interpreting missense variants in known ARDD genes may help diagnose more patients than discovering the remaining genes.
