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Öğe Alterations in the tear film and ocular surface in pediatric migraine patients(2024) Aşık, Abdulvahit; Aksoy Aydemir, Gözde; Aydemir, Emre; Bilen, Abdurrahman; İpek, Rojan; Ballı, Hacı; Bayat, Alper Halil; Aydın Türk, BilgePurpose: To evaluate the ocular surface (OS) parameters in the pediatric migraine patients (PMPs). Methods: This prospective case–control study consisted of 51 PMPs (PMP group) and 55 healthy pediatric patients (HPP group). In all participants, tear function was evaluated subjectively using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, objectively using Schirmer tear test (STT) and tear film disintegration time (TBUT), and with clinical and laboratory examinations (conjunctival impression cytology). The PMP group was subdivided into two groups according to their aura. Results: The mean age and gender distribution of the study groups were almost the same (P > 0.05 for both of them). In the PMP group, both the STT value and the TBUT value were significantly lower than those determined in the HPP group (P = 0.021 and P = 0.018, respectively). In the PMP group, the OSDI scores were higher than those in the HPP group (P = 0.032). In the PMP group, the goblet cell density values were lower than those in the HPP group (P = 0.01). With regard to the aura, the TBUT and STT values were nonsignificantly lower in the PMP aura?positive group than in the PMP aura?negative group (P > 0.05 for both of them). The OSDI assessment was similar in both the groups. With regard to the goblet cell count, it was observed to be less in the PMP aura?positive group than in the PMP aura?negative group (P = 0.01). Conclusion: Influence of OS in children with migraine was also demonstrated using the samples taken from the conjunctiva. These changes were also demonstrated by objective tests such as STT and TBUT. Both clinical objective evaluations and pathologic changes were more prominent in the migraine with aura group.Öğe Assessment of tear film anomalies in childhood obesity(Georg Thieme Verlag, 2022) Bayat, Alper Halil; Aydemir, Emre; Aksoy Aydemir, Gözde; Gencer, HaşimPurpose To determine if childhood obesity has an effect on the ocular surface and tear film of children who are afflicted. Methods Patients who had childhood obesity, 85 eyes, and patients who were healthy, 75 eyes, were enrolled in this prospective and comparative study. The tear film breakup time (TF-BUT), tear meniscus area and height (TMA and TMH) values, Schirmer test scores, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores were obtained for all participants. Results The TMH, TMA, TF-BUT, and Schirmer test results were statistically significantly lower in the obesity group (p < 0.001 for all). The children with obesity and insulin resistance had lower TMH, TMA, TF-BUT, and Schirmer test results when compared to the children without insulin resistance (p < 0.05 for all). The body mass index was found to be correlated with the TMH, TMA, TF-BUT, and Schirmer test results (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion Children with obesity had lower TMA, TMH, TF-BUT, and Schirmer test results than healthy subjects. When insulin resistance was added to obesity, these values were even lower.Öğe Comparison of pupillometry measurements in myopic, emmetropic and hyperopic children(Effect Publishing Agency ( EPA ), 2021) Bayat, Alper Halil; Kurt, Muhammed Mustafa; Akpolat, ÇetinTo compare spherical and cylindrical equivalent, and pupillometry measurements between non-amblyopic myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic children. The study was conducted prospectively and cross-sectionally in a single-centered eye clinic. Three non-amblyopic groups were included in the study: myopic (Myopia Group), emmetropic (Emmetropia Group), and hyperopic (Hyperopia Group) children. The groups were compared in terms of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), spherical equivalent (SE), and pupillometry measurements, including minimum dynamic pupillometry, maximum dynamic pupillometry, mesopic pupillometry, and photopic pupillometry. The correlation analysis was also performed between the measurements. We noted significant differences in mean SE values between the three groups and between the paired groups (p<0.001 for all). Similar mean cylindrical equivalent values were observed between the three groups and between the paired groups (p>0.05 for all). The hyperopia group had the lowest mean minimum dynamic pupillometry, maximum dynamic pupillometry, mesopic pupillometry, and photopic pupillometry values (1.97±0.57, 5.23±051, 4.96±0.41, and 3.30±0.54, respectively). We found significant differences in all pupillometry measurements between the three groups (p<0.05 for all). However, similar results were obtained in all pupillometry measurements between the paired comparison of emmetropia and hyperopia groups (p>0.05 for all). We also did not observe any correlation between the pupil diameter and age or gender (p>0.05 for both). Our study might be unique regarding the comparison of pupillometry measurements in non-amblyopic children with refractive errors. Myopia in the pediatric population may have potential pupillometric effects when compared to emmetropia and hyperopia. This should be considered in terms of the clinical relevance of pediatric refractive examination under different illumination conditions.Öğe Comparison of the effects of aflibercept and dexamethasone in central retinal vein occlusion with serous retinal detachment(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Bayat, Alper Halil; Akpolat, Çetin; Livan, Hazal; Bölükbaşı, Selim; Elçioğlu, Mustafa NuriBackground: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept and dexamethasone implantation injections in central retinal vein occlusion accompanied by serous retinal detachment. Methods: Sixty-eight eyes of 68 patients with treatment-naive macular oedema post-central retinal vein occlusion were enrolled in the retrospectively designed study. All of the patients had serous retinal detachment at baseline. The patients received three intravitreal aflibercept injections with an interval of four weeks and followed by pro re nata treatment protocol (intravitreal aflibercept group, n = 37) or a single dose dexamethasone implantation injection (dexamethasone implantation group, n = 31). Best-corrected visual acuity, central retinal thickness and the height of serous retinal detachment parameters were compared at baseline, and in the first, second, third and sixth months. Results: The groups were similar in terms of baseline characteristics (p > 0.05 for all). The visual gain was greater in the intravitreal aflibercept group (p = 0.013). While the intravitreal aflibercept group had a significant central retinal thickness decrease in the first and sixth months (p = 0.011 and p = 0.001, respectively), this superiority was not observed during the entire follow-up period (p = 0.212). There was no difference in serous retinal detachment resolution between the groups (p = 0.403). Two patients in the intravitreal aflibercept group (5.4%) and five patients in the dexamethasone implantation group (16.1%) had serous retinal detachment at the final visit (p = 0.158). Conclusion: Both intravitreal aflibercept and dexamethasone implantation injections seemed to be effective in the treatment of central retinal vein occlusion with serous retinal detachment. Intravitreal aflibercept treatment yielded better results in terms of visual gain and showed a faster anatomical response.Öğe Comparison of the retinal and choroidal structures in 3 refractive groups(Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, 2021) Aksoy Aydemir, Gözde; Bayat, Alper Halil; Aydemir, Emre; Çınar, Şerife Şule; Karadağ, Ayşe SevgiObjectives: This study investigated the retinal layer thickness, choroidal thickness (CT), and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters in 3 refractive groups. Methods: A total of 201 eyes of 201 subjects were enrolled in this prospective and comparative study. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to refractive status: Group 1 consisted of 60 eyes of myopic subjects, Group 2 comprised 72 eyes of emmetropic subjects, and 69 eyes of hyperopic subjects were categorized as Group 3. The retinal layer thickness, CT, and RNFL parameters were measured using optical coherence tomography and compared between groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 22.33±10.11 years in Group 1, 21.55±8.3 years in Group 2, and 23.73±11.08 years in Group 3 (p=0.741). Group 1 consisted of 34 women and 26 men, Group 2 contained 44 women and 28 men, and Group 3 was made up of 45 women and 24 men (p=0.124). The mean spherical equivalent value was ?6.16±2.01 D in Group 1, 0.13±0.5 D in Group 2, and 5.48±1.32 D in Group 3 (p<0.001). The RNFL and macular thickness values were lower in the myopic patients compared with those of the other groups (p<0.05). The CT measurement was lower in the myopic patients and higher in the hyperopic patients compared with the emmetropic patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: The myopic patients had a lower CT and RNFL thickness measurement than the emmetropic and hyperopic patients, whereas the hyperopic patients had a higher CT than the other patient types.Öğe Conjunctival histopathological changes and clinical tear film in children with atopic dermatitis(2024) Bayat, Alper Halil; Aksoy Aydemir, Gözde; Aydemir, Emre; Özkan, Hacı Hasan; Yardımcı, Gürkan; Aydın Türk, Bilge; Özkul Kılınç, EminePurpose: Evaluation of changes in the ocular surfaces in children with a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: Thirty-six children with a diagnosis of AD (Eye-AD group) and 40 healthy subjects (Eye-HS group) were enrolled in this prospective case-control study. Tear film break-up time (T-BUT), Schirmer tear test (STT), conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), tear meniscus height (TMH), tear meniscus area (TMA), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were measured. Results: The participants were similar in terms of demographic characteristics, such as mean age and gender (p > 0.05). The mean T-BUT was 9.3 ± 2.22 s (5 - 16) in the Eye-AD group and 11.83 ± 2.03 s (7 - 16) in the Eye-HS group. The mean STT was 11.12 ± 3.28 mm (5 - 21) in the Eye-AD group and 15.44 ± 3.8 mm (8 - 20) in the Eye-HS group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean OSDI scores were 13.12 ± 1.41 (10 - 15) in the Eye-AD group and 13.97 ± 2.93 (8 - 20) in the Eye-HS group (p = 0.052). Mean TMH and TMA were 306.48 ± 7.29 µm and 0.22 ± 0.004 mm2, respectively, in the Eye-AD group, and 312.94 ± 5.31 µm and 0.027 ± 0.005 mm2, respectively, in the Eye-HS group. In the CIC analyses, 22 of the samples in the Eye-AD group and 35 in the Eye-HS group had a classification of grade 0, 10 in the Eye-AD group and 5 in the Eye-HS group had a classification of grade 1, and 4 in the Eye-AD group and none in the Eye-HS group had a classification of grade 2 (p = 0.015). Conclusion: Pediatric patients with AD may have significant changes in conjunctival histopathology. These changes can be manifested in the tests used to measure the tear film. Dry eye was shown to be present in the majority of children with AD.Öğe Effects of dexamethasone treatment on serous retinal detachment in ranibizumab-resistant diabetic macular edema(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020) Bayat, Alper Halil; Elçioğlu, Mustafa NuriPurpose: To evaluate outcome of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (IDI) treatment on serous retinal detachment (SRD) in patients with ranibizumab-resistant diabetic macular edema (DME).Materials and methods: Forty-eight eyes of 48 patients with DME resistant to ranibizumab were enrolled in this retrospective and comparative study. Patients were divided into two groups according to presence of serous retinal detachment: (1) SRD or (2) non-SRD groups. All patients had at least three monthly ranibizumab injections, after which they were treated with IDI. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), use of antiglaucomatous drugs, and presence of cataract progression were noted at 1, 3, and 6 months post-IDI treatment.Results: There was not any statistically significant difference in terms of baseline characteristics of the patients. The mean CRT was declined in both groups at 1, 3, and 6 months (p < 0.001). After IDI treatment, the mean BCVA was improved in both groups at 1, 3, and 6 months (p < 0.001). When groups were compared, the change in CRT was higher in the SRD group (p = 0.018), while there was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of BCVA changes (p = 0.448).Conclusion: The presence of SRD resulted in higher anatomical gain. SRD had no effects on visual changes after dexamethasone treatment in patients with ranibizumab-resistant DME.Öğe Evaluation of retinal structure in pediatric subjects with vitamin D deficiency(Elsevier Inc., 2022) Aydemir, Emre; İlhan, Çağrı; Aksoy Aydemir, Gözde; Bayat, Alper Halil; Bolu, Semih; Aşık, AbdulvahitPurpose: To quantitatively evaluate the retinal structural parameters of pediatric patients who were determined to be deficient in vitamin D. Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study. Methods: Retinal structural parameters, including the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), central macula, retinal layer, and choroidal thicknesses, central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), and central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE), in pediatric subjects with vitamin D deficiency (group 1) and those without (group 2) were compared. Results: Group 1 comprised 70 individuals, while group 2 comprised 80 individuals. The mean peripapillary RNFL (except for the nasal superior sector [P = .037]), central macula, and retinal layer thicknesses were also determined to be similar in both groups (P > .05 for both groups). The mean choroidal thickness was lower in the subfoveal (P = .006) and nasal 3000-µm–diameter areas (P = .004) in group 1. The mean CRAE was determined to be lower (P = .031) and the CRVE was higher in group 1 (P = .005); it was determined that there was a significant correlation between the vitamin D level and both the CRAE (r = 0.447, P < .001) and CRVE (r = ?0.320, P = .013). Conclusion: Choroidal thinning, a decrease in the CRAE, and increase in the CRVE were structural changes that occurred in the pediatric subjects who had vitamin D deficiency. The alterations in these parameters became more prominent in pediatric subjects who were determined to have lower vitamin D levels.Öğe Relationship between histopathological findings of patients with dermatochalasis and vitamin D deficiency(2024) Aydemir, Emre; Malkoç Şen, Emine; Aksoy Aydemir, Gözde; Bayat, Alper Halil; Karnaz, Ali; Aydın Türk, BilgePurpose: To compare the histopathological findings of patients who had been diagnosed with dermatochalasis (DC) and had undergone upper eyelid blepharoplasty (ULB) as well as those of controls (C-Group) according to their serum vitamin D (SVD) levels. Methods: The prospective study included 136 upper eyelid skin from 68 patients who underwent surgery for DC and 53 upper eyelid skin from 53 patients who underwent levator surgery with ULB. The DC Group was then divided into 3 subgroups according to the marginal reflex distance (MRD4). The lymphatic vessel (LV) count and diameter of the largest LV (DLLV) were recorded, the stromal collagen bed (SCB) was observed, and its depth was measured, the interfibrillar edema was examined, and the elastic fiber and macrophage counts and recorded, respectively, and then all of these were evaluated. The SVD levels were compared between the DC patients and the C-Group. Results: In comparison to the C-Group, significant changes were seen in the dilated LV, DLLV, SCB depth, interfibrillar edema, elastic fiber density, and macrophage count in the DC sub-Groups (P < 0.001 for all). While no difference was found between DC sub-Group 1 (MRD4 > 4 mm) and the C-Group (P > 0.05), a significant difference was found between DC sub-Group 2 (MRD4 2-4 mm) and DC sub-Group 3 (MRD4 < 2 mm) for all of the parameters (P < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was also found in the SVD levels between the DC sub-Group 1 and DC sub-Groups 2-3 (P < 0.017, P < 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, SVD level was significantly lower in DC group. Moreover, an increased LV count and diameter, decreased elastic fiber count, collagen fiber and stromal edema irregularity, and increased macrophage count were found to be associated with the SVD level.Öğe Retinal vascular caliber in Turkish adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus(2021) Bayat, Alper Halil; Bezen, Diğdem; Çakır, Akın; Elçioğlu, Mustafa NuriDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common result of diabetes mellitus (DM). Alterations in retinal vascular caliber may be early finding of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study is to demonstrate retinal vascular caliber changes in Turkish adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). This prospective and cross-sectional study included 108 eyes of the T1D adolescents and 75 eyes of the age-sex matched control group. Fundus images of the both groups were taken with fundus camera system (FA; Visucam500; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) and were analyzed with IVAN which is a semi-automated system used to measure the width of retinal vessels using a digital retinal image (Nicole J. Ferrier, College of Engineering, Fundus Photography Reading Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA). Central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE) and artery-vein ratio (AVR) were compared between groups. Both groups were comparable in baseline characteristics (p>0.05). The mean CRAE value was higher in T1D group (179.03±29.58 ? in T1D group and 166.64±15.76 ? in control group, p<0.001). The mean AVR value was higher in T1D group, too (0.97±0.46 in T1D and 0.84±0.19 in control group, p=0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in CRVE value between groups. CRAE was found to be higher in T1D patients. This arteriolar dilation may be the early finding of diabetic retinopathy.Öğe Retinal vascular findings in patients with COVID-19(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2021) Aydemir, Emre; Bayat, Alper Halil; Ören, Burak; Ateşoğlu, Halil İbrahim; Göker, Yasin Şakir; Özçelik, Kazım ÇağlarPurpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the retinal vascular caliber of COVID-19 patients with that of healthy subjects. Methods: This was a prospective case-control study. Forty-six patients who had COVID-19 were successfully treated, and 38 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Fundus photography was taken using fundus fluorescein angiography (FA; Visucam 500; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). Retinal vascular caliber was analyzed with IVAN, a semi-automated retinal vascular analyzer (Nicole J. Ferrier, College of Engineering, Fundus Photography Reading Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA). Central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE), and artery-vein ratio (AVR) were compared between groups. Results: The mean age was 37.8 +/- 9.5 years in the COVID-19 group (n = 46) and 40 +/- 8 years in the control group (n = 38) (p = 0.45). The mean CRAE was 181.56 +/- 6.40 in the COVID-19 group and 171.29 +/- 15.06 in the control group (p = 0.006). The mean CRVE was 226.34 +/- 23.83 in the COVID-19 group and 210.94 +/- 22.22 in the control group (p = 0.044). AVR was 0.81 +/- 0.09 in the COVID-19 group and 0.82 +/- 0.13 in the control group (p = 0.712). Conclusion: Patients who had COVID-19 have vasodilation in the retinal vascular structure after recovery. As they may be at risk of retinal vascular disease, COVID-19 patients must be followed after recovery.Öğe Static and dynamic pupillometry changes after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery(Gazi Eye Foundation, 2022) Bulut, Asker; Bayat, Alper HalilPurpose: To compare postoperative changes in static and dynamic pupil size after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery. Materials and Methods: 70 eyes of seventy patients (34 women and 36 men), who underwent phacoemulcification surgery were included in the study. Static and dynamic pupillometry measurements were examined and recorded in patients who were diagnosed with cataract and planned for surgery in the preoperative period without using mydriatic drops. Follow up controls were examined on the 1st day, 1st week and 1st month after cataract surgery. Pupillometry measurements were examined again in the examination at the 1st month control. The Aladdin® (Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) system was used for the measurement of pupillometry. Preop and postop first month pupillometry measurements were recorded and compared. Results: The minimum value of dynamic PD was 3.29±0.94 mm before cataract surgery, which decreased to 3±0.86 mm after cataract surgery (p = 0.016). The maximum value of dynamic PD was 4.12±0.84 mm before cataract surgery, which decreased to 3.88±0.73 mm after cataract surgery (p = 0.01). Mesopic PD was 3.75±0.83 mm before cataract surgery, and it decreased to 3.41±0.59 mm after cataract surgery (p < 0.001). Photopic PD was 3.22±0.73 mm before cataract surgery, and it decreased to 2.82±0.63 mm after cataract surgery (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Phacoemulsification surgery changes the static and dynamic PD due to possible changes in ACD, postoperative anterior chamber reaction and topical drops used.Öğe The change of anterior chamber angle parameters after cataract surgery in diabetic patients(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2021) Bayat, Alper Halil; Akpolat, ÇetinPurpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of anterior chamber angle morphology after cataract surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: In this prospective and comparative study, 57 eyes of the patients with cataract were investigated. The patients were divided into two groups. The DM2 group included cataractous type 2 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (n = 30) and the non-DM2 group included nondiabetic participants with cataract (n = 27). The AS-OCT examinations were performed at baseline and 1 month after the cataract surgery. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), angle-opening distance at 500 mu m (AOD-500) and trabecular iris space area at 500 mu m (TISA-500), and scleral spur angle (SSA) in temporal quadrant were analyzed. Results: The mean age, sex, and axial length values were similar in both groups (p > 0.05 for all). The CDVA was significantly improved in both groups (p < 0.001). The mean AOD-500, TISA-500, and SSA were increased and the mean IOP was decreased after cataract surgery in both groups (p < 0.001 for all). There were not any statistically significant intergroup differences in CDVA, IOP, and AS-OCT measurements between the DM2 and non-DM2 groups (p > 0.05 for all). Conclusion: Cataract surgery showed significant increases in mean anterior chamber angle parameters and reductions in IOP values in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients without intergroup significant differences. These results suggested the safety and effectiveness of cataract surgery, especially regarding anterior chamber angle parameters and so IOP changes.Öğe The corneal effects of intravitreal dexamethasone implantation(Sage Publications Ltd., 2020) Bayat, Alper Halil; Karataş, Gamze; Kurt, Muhammet Mustafa; Elçioğlu, Mustafa NuriObjectives: To evaluate the corneal effects of the intravitreal dexamethasone implantation using corneal topography and specular microscopy.Material and methods: 27 eyes of the 27 patients who received a single intravitreal dexamethasone implantation dose for diabetic macular edema were enrolled in this study. Sirius topography and EM-3000 specular microscopic examinations were performed at the initial examination (baseline), and then on the first day, during the first week, and 1 month after IDI. Changes in corneal parameters were investigated.Results: The mean age was 58.66 +/- 6.59 years. 15 patients were men, and 12 were women. The mean disease duration was 12.2 +/- 2.4 months, and mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was 7.2 +/- 1.1. After dexamethasone injection, the mean central corneal thickness, endothelial cell density, and coefficient variation of cell area presented a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05). Anterior segment parameters, such as anterior chamber depth, iridocorneal angle, sim K1 and K2 keratometry, pupillary diameter, horizontal visible iris diameter, and corneal astigmatism did not change (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Intravitreal dexamethasone implantation affects corneal endothelial cell structure but does not appear to affect corneal topography parameters.Öğe The effects of cyclopentolate 1% versus tropicamide 1% on anterior segment angle parameters in three refractive pediatric groups(Springer, 2021) Bayat, Alper Halil; Akpolat, ÇetinPurpose This study aims to assess the effects of topical tropicamide 1% versus cyclopentolate hydrochloride 1% on the main numerical anterior chamber angle parameters using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic pediatric populations. Methods One hundred eight healthy and non-amblyopic children were enrolled in this prospective study. The children were assigned into three refractive groups of myopia, emmetropia, and hyperopia for both tropicamide and cyclopentolate administrations. Half of the children in three groups were instilled tropicamide 1%, and the remaining halves were instilled cyclopentolate hydrochloride 1%. AS-OCT measurements of the anterior chamber angle in three groups were performed at the temporal areas of the right eyes under similar conditions at baseline, 30 min after tropicamide, and 45 min after cyclopentolate instillations. Main measurements including the angle-opening distance at 500 mu m anterior to the scleral spur (AOD500), trabecular iris space area at 500 mu m anterior to the scleral spur (TISA500), and scleral spur angle (SSA) were compared between three refractive groups. Results The groups were age and gender-matched. The mean baseline spherical equivalents were similar in hyperopia groups of the tropicamide (+2.34 +/- 0.44) and cyclopentolate (+2.18 +/- 0.32) administrations (p = 0.284), as well as the myopic children administered with tropicamide (-2.68 +/- 0.40) and cyclopentolate (-2.74 +/- 0.38), (p = 0.406). All baseline measurements of AOD500, TISA500, and SSA measurements were similar in three refractive groups for both tropicamide and cyclopentolate as well as the final measurements and thus measurement changes between two sessions (P > 0.05 for all). Both drops induced an increase of AOD500, TISA500, and SSA measurements in three refractive groups (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusions Cycloplegic effects of topical instillations of tropicamide and cyclopentolate lead to a significant increase in anterior chamber angle measurements of AS-OCT. This similar effect of the drops should be considered for proper clinical assessment in children.
