Hydro energy

Hydro energy production constitutes the most extensively exploited renewable energy type all over the world. It is renewable depending on the hydrological cycle and has the least greenhouse gas emission into the atmosphere. This chapter presents various facades of hydroelectric energy generation and exposes all the alternatives for its production. Basic definitions, production methodologies, calculation methods, case studies, present and future prospects are presented for further possible research. Pros and cons of the hydro energy production facilities are explained and it is emphasized that the hydropower generation is the least harmful to the environment provided that basic principles are considered in any plant design.