Breast radiology

Breast cancer is a significant global health concern, comprising 1.38 million cases, or 10.9% of all cancer cases worldwide, making it the second most prevalent cancer after lung cancer. Notably, its incidence has been on the rise, particularly in developing nations, where it has increased three to fourfold in recent decades. This malignancy stands as the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women. However, advancements in detection, diagnosis, treatment, and effective screening initiatives have contributed to a reduction in breast cancer-related deaths. Early detection plays a crucial role in ensuring optimal patient care by reducing the treatment burden. Several advanced breast imaging technologies have emerged, although their widespread adoption varies. Irrespective of the imaging technology used, it is imperative to apply it effectively, maintain precise record-keeping, corroborate findings with histopathological examinations, and ensure consistent comparisons through clinical and serial follow-ups spanning years. Furthermore, regardless of the imaging modality used, the core responsibility of breast radiology is to answer two essential questions: firstly, whether there are abnormal findings, and secondly, whether these findings raise suspicions of malignancy. This chapter explores various breast imaging techniques and their application within contemporary practices.