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Öğe Characterization of biological molecule–loaded nanostructures using circular dichroism and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(Taylor and Francis, 2021) Parlar, Ayhan; Kulabhusan, Prabir Kumar; Kurt, Hasan; Gürel, Büşra; Torabfam, Milad; Özata, Başak; Yüce, MeralDrug-loaded nanoparticles have many advantages in drug administration, which is an essential step for the impact of the drugs and their mechanism of action. Circular dichroism (CD) is a spectroscopy technique that measures the absorbance difference between right-circularly polarized light and left-circularly polarized light. Of several analytical techniques available, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is a powerful and widely employed technique explicitly for identifying chemical species. The peaks in the IR spectrum of a sample represent the molecular vibrations of the molecules present in the sample, signifying the various chemical bonds and functional groups. Various types of nanoparticles are being utilized for drug delivery applications because of their advantages such as controlled drug release, protection of the therapeutic payload, improved bioavailability, and targeted delivery. The discovery of novel nanoparticles and their application to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases have received considerable attention during the past decades.Öğe An MCDM-based health technology assessment (HTA) study for evaluating kidney stone treatment alternatives(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Erol, Eren; Yılmaz, Beyza Özlem; Almula Karadayı, Melis; Tozan, HakanThe prevalence of kidney stone disease has increased during the last decade due to various reasons such as changes in dietary and water consumption. To overcome this issue, new treatment approaches are being developed. Today, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) and Laser Lithotripsy (LL) are the most popular approaches for the fragmentation of kidney stones. However, the advantages and limitations of these treatment methods are still being questioned by healthcare professionals. A systematic and efficient approach is thus required to help healthcare providers for selecting the best treatment approach. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques are a reliable and powerful approach to respond to the need for such comparative analysis. Hence, the aim of this study is to propose an HTA-based hierarchical evaluation structure for kidney stone treatment methods utilizing the Hierarchical Fuzzy TOPSIS method and conduct a case study on LL and ESWL. The structure consists of 5 main criteria and 24 sub-criteria. The study group for linguistic evaluations consists of medical doctors (nephrologists and urologists) and researchers. Closeness coefficient values are obtained as 0.577 and 0.372 for LL and ESWL, respectively. It is concluded that LL should be selected as the ideal alternative under the proposed hierarchical evaluation structure. The study is expected to bring insights to further studies as well as healthcare providers who are working in the field.Öğe Computational studies of G protein-coupled receptor complexes: Structure and dynamics(Elsevier Academic Press Inc, 2017) Şensoy, Özge; Almeida, Jose G.; Shabbir, Javeria; Moreira, Irina S.; Morra, GiuliaG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are ubiquitously expressed transmembrane proteins associated with a wide range of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson, schizophrenia, and also implicated in in several abnormal heart conditions. As such, this family of receptors is regarded as excellent drug targets. However, due to the high number of intracellular signaling partners, these receptors have a complex interaction networks and it becomes challenging to modulate their function. Experimentally determined structures give detailed information on the salient structural properties of these signaling complexes but they are far away from providing mechanistic insights into the underlying process. This chapter presents some of the computational tools, namely molecular dynamics, molecular docking, and molecular modeling and related analyses methods that have been used to complement experimental findings.Öğe Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment for aptamer selection(Elsevier, 2018) Yüce, Meral; Kurt, Hasan; Hussain, Babar; Budak, HikmetDiscovery of aptamers and developments in the field of nanotechnology has made a significant contribution to the field of biosensing. Nanomaterials with various physical, optic, and electronic properties have been functionalized with aptamers, which are the synthetic counterparts of the conventional antibodies, to be used as more stable and cost-effective affinity probes for the detection of target molecules ranging from small ions, disease biomarkers, cell surfaces, microorganisms, and hazardous materials to food-borne allergens and pathogens. In this chapter, we described the fundamental methodology for in vitro aptamer selection, known as systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, with recent examples from the literature. We also provide the audience with graphical abstracts and illustrations for a better understanding of the aptamer selection concept.
