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Priority analysis of risks in renewable energy financing for sustainable economic development by using ahp technique
(2024) Kasap, Serhat; Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat
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Data-driven pathways to sustainable energy solutions
(Springer Nature, 2024) Danish, Mir Sayed Shah; Ahmadi, Mikaeel; Ibrahimi, Abdul Matin; Dinçer, Hasan; Zahra, Shirmohammadi; Khosravy, Mahdi; Senjyu, Tomonobu
In the rapidly evolving world of the energy sector, harnessing the power of neural networks and machine learning becomes crucial. This chapter deals with the intricate dimensions of datasets, delineating their types, structures, and classifications that are particularly relevant to energy-related applications. A meticulous exploration of data processing techniques, emphasizing preparation, transformation, labeling, and augmentation, is presented. Additionally, a comparative analysis of optimization algorithms clarifies their role in refining energy-focused models. The complexities, computation times, and accuracies of these optimizers are highlighted. Furthermore, the importance of hyperparameters, their optimal configurations, and the significance of adept tuning are underscored. Serving as a comprehensive guide, this chapter aims to bridge the knowledge gap of stakeholders in the energy domain, providing actionable insights into best practices for data-driven decision-making processes.
A blueprint for sustainable electrification by designing and implementing pv systems in small scales
(Springer Nature, 2024) Dinçer, Hasan; Ibrahimi, Abdul Matin; Ahmadi, Mikaeel; Danish, Mir Sayed Shah
This chapter presents a comprehensive analysis of the planning, design, and implementation of photovoltaic (PV) systems, emphasizing their role in sustainable rural electrification and renewable energy integration. The chapter begins by examining the integration of solar energy into the electricity market, highlighting its contribution to energy security and climate change mitigation. It deals with the challenges and dynamics of incorporating distributed energy resources, with a special focus on solar PV systems. The chapter methodically explores the planning and design aspects of PV systems, considering factors like site location, climatic conditions, and grid connectivity. A case study on electrifying a rural community provides practical insights into the application of these principles. This chapter further details the components, specifications, and costs of PV systems, presenting exhaustive tables and guidelines for implementation. It also includes calculations and estimations essential for system balance and optimization, covering environmental, technical, and economic aspects. The chapter concludes with a discussion of lessons learned and provides a comprehensive conclusion, synthesizing the key findings and implications of the study for future renewable energy projects.
Balanced scorecard-based evaluation of digitalization and technological transformation performance of small businesses
(Academic Press, 2024) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat
Digitalization has become even more popular, especially in recent years, with the radical development of technology under sustainability. This situation has also affected businesses significantly. To survive in the increasingly competitive conditions at the end of globalization, businesses need to attach great importance to digitalization. This situation is of vital importance especially for small-scale enterprises. These businesses have to compete with large-scale international companies in order to maintain their profitability. Therefore, these businesses need to take appropriate steps towards digitalization. Otherwise, these companies will not be able to maintain their presence in the sectors for a long time. This study aimed at evaluating digitalization and technological transformation performance of small businesses. In this framework, the main research question is to understand which indicators play more critical role for the purpose of performance improvements of the small businesses with respect to the digitalization. For this purpose, a novel hybrid fuzzy decision-making model has been constructed. In the first stage of this model, critical indicators are weighted by using facial expression-based Quantum Spherical fuzzy DEMATEL technique. Within this scope, the perspectives of balanced scorecard approach are taken into consideration. On the other hand, in the second stage of the proposed mode, E7 countries are examined by considering facial expression-based Quantum Spherical fuzzy TOPSIS methodology. In this process, it can be possible to define which of these countries are more successful regarding the digitalization performance of the small businesses. With the help of the analysis results of this model, specific and effective investment strategies can be identified for the small businesses. These strategies can have a positive influence on the performance improvements of the small business so that they can survive in the competitive market in a more successful manner. Moreover, this situation has a powerful contribution to the sustainable development of the countries. It is concluded that revenue generated from digital channels (C1) is the most influencing factor because it affects all other three criteria. Innovation capacity (C4) is also found as the most critical indicator since it has the greatest weight (0.252). It is identified that Indonesia has the greatest performance regarding the digitalization and technological transformation. Similarly, India and China are other successful countries within this context. However, Brazil and Mexico have lower performance for this situation. Strengthening the innovation capacity is important to increase the success of digitalization and technological transformation. An innovative culture must be established within the organization to foster innovation.
Generating appropriate policies to minimize environmental pollution in developing countries
(Springer, 2023) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat; Çağlayan, Çağatay
Environmental pollution causes the countries to experience difficulties in different aspects. First, environmental pollution makes countries uninhabitable. On the other hand, it is possible to talk about many negative economic consequences of increasing environmental pollution. Within this framework, high number of sick people leads to an increase in health expenditures in the country. This problem is especially significant for developing countries. In order for the industrial production to increase rapidly, the carbon emission problem caused by the companies may not be given importance. This situation generates very serious social and economic problems for these countries in the long term. For this purpose, in this chapter, firstly, types of environmental pollution are discussed. After that, some information has been given on policies that can be developed to prevent environmental pollution. Finally, an evaluation has been performed with AHP methodology. It is concluded that environmental pollution is of vital importance, especially for developing countries. Because of this situation, some actions should be taken in time to reduce environmental pollution by these countries. The most important cause of environmental pollution of countries is fossil fuels used in energy consumption and it is thus suggested to impose additional taxes upon the companies that pollute the environment as a result of the use of fossil fuels. Additionally, necessary policies should be implemented to increase the use of renewable energy within the country.
Evaluating possible ways to decrease negative environmental impact of nuclear energy projects
(Springer, 2023) Yüksel, Serhat; Dinçer, Hasan; Uluer, Gülsüm Sena
In this study, it is aimed to develop appropriate policies to reduce the negative environmental factors caused by nuclear energy. To proceed, first of all, a detailed literature review on nuclear energy is conducted to derive all adverse environmental conditions created by nuclear energy. After that, necessary strategies will be developed to overcome these problems. In the light of the information obtained, it has been understood that the most serious problem in nuclear energy use is the radioactive wastes. Also, the main reason for this is the uranium element used in nuclear reactors. This situation is one of the main reasons for the protests against nuclear power plants. Moreover, it is seen that thorium element can also be used in nuclear reactors instead of uranium. Thus, the easiest way to minimize the environmental problems in nuclear energy use is to choose thorium instead of uranium. Additionally, an evaluation has been made with DEMATEL to understand the significant issues to minimize negative environmental impacts of nuclear energy usage. It is concluded that countries should mainly focus on technological factors in this regard.
Defining the most effective green corporate governance strategies for sustainable performance
(Springer, 2023) Dinçer, Hasan; Kalkavan, Hakan; Yüksel, Serhat; Karakuş, Hüsne
This study aims to identify the appropriate green corporate social responsibility (GCSR) strategies to improve the performance of the companies. Within this regard, developing countries are taken into consideration. Moreover, while making a detailed literature review, 7 different GCSR factors are defined. After that, fuzzy AHP approach is considered to understand which factors are more significant. The findings demonstrate that using renewable energy resources is the most important GCSR factor for the companies to improve their performance. Additionally, it is also defined that ensuring the reuse of raw material waste is another essential issue in this framework. Hence, it is recommended that developing countries should mainly focus on renewable energy usage. For this purpose, the governments should give appropriate incentives to encourage companies to make investments in renewable energy, such as tax reduction or providing loans with lower interest rate.
Effective radioactive waste management strategies in nuclear energy investments for environmental sustainability
(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2024) Yüksel, Serhat; Dinçer, Hasan; Yavuz, Duygu
Nuclear energy investments contribute significantly to the energy indepen¬dence of countries. This situation helps countries to develop both econom¬ically and socially. Therefore, countries need to develop strategies to increase their nuclear energy investments. However, radioactive waste generated in nuclear reactors is one of the most important disadvantages of this type of energy. Due to this situation, the wastes generated must be disposed of effectively for nuclear energy investments to be effective. In this study, it is aimed to create optimal strategies for the effective waste managements generated in nuclear power plants. Within this framework, four different balanced scorecard perspectives are considered as the criteria. In the analysis process, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology is taken into consideration. It is identified that learning and development is the most critical factor for the effective radioactive waste management created in nuclear power plants. On the other side, internal factors are the second most important criterion in this framework. Hence, it is understood that nuclear energy investors should give priority to the technological development for effective waste management in nuclear power plants. With the help of these technological improvements, the wastes can be disposed more successfully. As a result, environmental sustainability can be provided much easily.
The impact of financial development on renewable energy investments for BRICS countries
(Taylor and Francis, 2024) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat; Çağlayan, Çağatay
[Abstract Not Available]
Evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of thorium-based nuclear power plants
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2023) Yüksel, Serhat; Dinçer, Hasan; Çağlayan, Çağatay; Mikhaylov, Alexey; Yavuz, Duygu
Nuclear energy is of vital importance for the energy independence of countries. Therefore, some of the countries have given priority to nuclear energy investments. However, there are some risks in nuclear reactors. For this reason, some countries are uneasy about nuclear energy investments. Thorium-based nuclear power plants are also recommended to minimize these risks. It is possible to talk about many advantages of these power plants. However, there are some negative aspects to these investments. In this study, both positive and negative aspects of thorium-based nuclear power plants are discussed simultaneously. In this context, first, the literature was comprehensively examined, and seven different factors were determined. An analysis is then carried out using the DEMATEL method. It is concluded that the cost and uncertainties have the greatest weight. In addition, suitability and physical and chemical reasons are other significant items. The results obtained show that thorium-based nuclear power plants are not very efficient now. In this context, the costs of thorium-based nuclear reactors should be reduced by new research and development activities. Otherwise, the high-cost problem reduces the efficiency of these reactors. With the developing technology, it is necessary to reduce the high costs. If the costs cannot be reduced, financial sustainability of thorium-based nuclear reactors will not be possible, although there are many benefits.
Socio-economic indicators of nuclear energy investments: A study on countries
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2023) Yüksel, Serhat; Dinçer, Hasan; Uluer, Gülsüm Sena
With the increase in population, the energy needs of countries are also increasing. These countries have difficulties in meeting these increasing needs. Countries that cannot meet this need have to import energy from abroad. This situation adversely affects the current account balance of countries. Nuclear energy investments allow countries to obtain their own energy, although there are some criticisms. In this framework, while some countries in the world increase their nuclear energy investments, some countries do not have any nuclear power plants (NPP). There are 32 such countries where nuclear energy projects are running till date. Therefore, it is very important to determine the socio-economic variables of countries that have nuclear energy investments. In this context, a detailed literature analysis will be made first to determine socio-economic criteria. Then, the importance weights of these factors will be calculated using the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The profiles of the countries that make nuclear energy investments demonstrate that education level is the most essential socio-economic factor for the improvement of nuclear energy investments. Also, income inequality is another important variable in this regard. However, consumption behaviour and saving behaviour have the lowest weights.
The role of small-scale wind turbines in increasing the competitiveness of hospitals
(IGI Global, 2023) Dinçer, Hasan; Eti, Serkan; Gökalp, Yaşar; Yüksel, Serhat; Çelebi, Büşra
Energy costs have become a very important problem for businesses, especially in recent years. As a result of these high costs, businesses may experience financial problems. If this situation cannot be managed effectively, the profitability of the enterprises will decrease. This will put the long-term sustainability of businesses at risk. This problem is also very important for hospitals. Recently, the energy costs of hospitals have started to become very serious among the total costs. As a result, the need for hospitals to produce their own energy arose. This will help hospitals achieve energy independence. As a result, it will be possible for energy costs to be more manageable in the long run. In this study, the effect of small-scale wind turbines on the competitiveness of hospitals was analyzed. In this context, four different criteria based on balanced scorecard have been determined. The importance of these criteria was tested with the fuzzy DEMATEL method.
Strategy generation for minimizing health risks to obtain economic development with pedroni panel cointegration analysis and AHP model
(Taylor and Francis, 2023) Dinçer, Hasan; Gökalp, Yaşar; Eti, Serkan; Yüksel, Serhat
The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between smoking, health expenditures, and budget balance. For this purpose, a two-stage analysis has been performed. Firstly, in order to identify the relationship between these three variables, the Pedroni cointegration method is taken into consideration. In this scope, the data set of ten countries with the highest smoking rate is included. The second part of the analysis includes the identification of the appropriate strategies to reduce smoking. Within this framework, AHP methodology is considered to weigh the strategies. It is obtained that there is a strong and long-term relationship between smoking, health expenditure, and budget balance. This situation gives information that when the smoking rate increases in a country, health expenditures will be higher. Similarly, the increase in health expenditures also leads to a higher debt burden. Thus, it is obvious that the most appropriate strategy is to take action in order to reduce smoking. According to AHP results, it is also identified that additional tax is the most significant strategy to minimize smoking in these countries. On the other side, education has the second highest weight. It is determined that the most optimal strategy for reducing smoking is to increase the tax rate for cigarette sales.
Developing strategies to improve microfinance system in Turkey with fuzzy logic
(Springer Nature, 2022) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat; Çağlayan, Çağatay; Ubay, Gözde Gülseven
n this study, it is examined how to improve the effectiveness of microfinance system in Turkey. In this framework, firstly, a wide literature review is made and 7 different factors that may be effective in this regard are identified. Afterward, an analysis is performed with the fuzzy DEMATEL method in order to determine which of these factors are more important. According to the analysis results obtained, it is identified that legal infrastructure and credit unions have the most importance in this process. Given these considerations, it is seen that firstly there is an important need to strengthen the legal infrastructure for the development of the microfinance system in Turkey. In this context, preparation of detailed laws and regulations related to the subject will increase the trust of investors on this issue. On the other hand, with the establishment of credit unions, it will be possible to select customers more effectively. In this framework, the risk of selecting inappropriate customers to give loans can be minimized. This will contribute to the development of the microfinance system in Turkey.
The negative role of environmental pollution on international trade: Strategy recommendation to solve this problem
(IGI Global, 2022) Yüksel, Serhat; Ubay, Gözde Gülseven; Çelebi, Büşra
The purpose of this study is to determine the main causes behind companies causing carbon emissions. In this way, the main reasons for companies to make carbon emissions have been explored. For this purpose, six different variables that are thought to be effective on this issue were determined. After that, an examination was made with fuzzy DEMATEL method in order to determine which of these factors are more important. The findings indicate that legal deficiency is the main reason for companies to cause carbon emissions. In this situation, it is a must to take necessary measures for the solution of this problem. In order for overcome legal deficiency problem, it is understood that the legal infrastructure should be adapted to this process. In order to increase the international trade volume, it is necessary to impose penal sanctions on companies and to regularly inspect these companies. In addition to these, incentives can be given to companies that are in competitive sectors and to create an awareness on this subject, governments can facilitate training programs.
Analysis results for the effectiveness of monetary policies with fuzzy logic
(IGI Global, 2022) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat
This chapter aims to examine the effectiveness of central bank policies in E7 economies. For this purpose, five different monetary policy instruments (required reserve ratio, rediscount rate, open market operations, standing facilities, and asset purchase program) are defined as the criteria. On the other side, E7 countries are selected as the alternatives. In the analysis process, fuzzy DEMATEL approach is used to weight the criteria whereas fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR methods are considered to rank E7 economies. The findings show that open market operations are the most important criterion. However, changing required reserve ratio does not have any powerful impact on the market. Therefore, it is recommended that E7 countries should prefer open market operations instead of required reserve ratio in order to influence the market in an effective manner. Additionally, it is defined that Indonesia has the best performance in the E7 economies while Brazil takes place on the last rank.
Analysis results for the effectiveness of monetary policies with cointegration and causality analyses
(IGI Global, 2022) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat
The aim of this chapter is to examine the effectiveness of the monetary policies in E7 economies. For this purpose, two different variables are selected, which are central bank interest rate and inflation rate. These variables are tested with the help of Kao panel cointegration analysis, Pedroni panel cointegration analysis, and Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality analysis. Additionally, monthly data of these variables for the periods between 1996:01-2019:02 is used in the analysis process. The findings show that there is a long-term relationship between interest rate and inflation rate for E7 economies. This situation gives information that monetary policies are used effectively in these countries. On the other side, for all three different lags, it is concluded that interest is the main cause of the inflation rate. This situation gives information that interest rate decisions of the central banks in E7 economies are very successful to control the inflation rate.
Monetary policy operations of central banks in the E7 economies
(IGI Global, 2022) Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat
Both monetary and fiscal policies have a crucial role in the financial markets of the countries. In this framework, policies can be used for mainly two different purposes, which are contractionary and expansionary policies. Hence, it can be said that monetary policies play a key role especially for the emerging economies. The main reason is that these are the economies that aim to be a developed economy. In order to reach this objective, they aim to make investment to obtain sustainable economic growth. Similar to this aspect, this chapter aims to identify different monetary policy operations of the central banks. Thus, various monetary policy instruments are explained. After this issue, necessary information is given related to the central banking operations of E7 economies. As a result, it is defined that central banks of these countries play an active role especially during the recession period.
Covid-19's effect on global trade in the post-pandemic period: Forecast analysis of global gdp and trade a decade after 2025
(IGI Global, 2022) Özsoy, Özlem; Gürler, Metin
By the end of May 2022 according to the data, the number of cases increased to 530 million, the number of virus-related deaths increased to 6.3 million, and the CFR decreased to 1.18 with the increase in vaccination. The full vaccination rate increased to 60% at the end of May. It should not be overlooked that vaccination is 18% in Africa and 11.8% in low-income countries. The global output GDP will be 99.4 trillion dollars in 2022 and 147 trillion dollars in 2035. It is also clearly seen that China will surpass the USA in national income at current prices in 2028. It is estimated that global imports will reach 23.5 trillion dollars in 2022 and 36.6 trillion dollars in 2035. It is expected that the chemicals and chemical products industry will be at the top with imports of 6.1 trillion dollars in 2022 and 9.5 trillion dollars in 2035 and is accounted for 25.3% of global imports in 2021. It is estimated that this rate will increase to 28.8% in 2035. Hong Kong is at the top with the Trade Openness Index value of 4.06 in 2022 and 4.5 in 2035.
Determining effective human resources strategies for renewable energy companies
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Alhan, Oya
The increasing population of the world, the policies carried out on energy resources, the risk of depletion of fossil energy resources and the damage to the ecological system have accelerated the search for new energy resources. These searches have led energy companies to turn to renewable energy sources. Renewable energy companies will lead to the rapid proliferation of renewable energy systems necessary for sustainable energy, the development of new technologies as well as economic growth, and the creation of new jobs with a future. With the new jobs to be created, renewable energy companies also need to reconsider their human resources strategies. In the first part of the study, the importance of energy is mentioned. Afterwards, human resources functions are detailed. In the third part, information about energy companies and the advantages of renewable energy are shared. It has been revealed how important the human resources strategies to be determined by considering this information. In the fourth and last part, the summary of the study is shared.

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