Comparison of ofdm and lfm waveform schemes for ranging: a correlation perspective

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveforms have been employed in communications systems for years and are the key waveform candidates for beyond-fifth-generation (5G) communication networks. In this paper, we compare OFDM waveforms to linear frequency- modulated (LFM) waveforms which are widely exploited in modern radar systems. We discuss the utility of OFDM waveforms for joint communications and sensing but also provide a comparison between the two in terms of their correlation properties. OFDM waveforms exhibit improved cross-correlation properties compared to LFM waveforms which can yield excellent resistance to interference between multiple radar transmitters without any cooperation. We express the theory behind our work and include simulations supporting our claims.