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Öğe Maintaining the efficacy of warm-up activities in EFL classrooms: An exploratory action research(2016) Savaş, HasanThe current study is an Exploratory Action Research and was carried out for the purpose of enhancing the efficacy of warm-up activities used in EFL classrooms. The participants of the study were A2 (pre-intermediate) level English preparatory students at a foundation university in Turkey, and their ages ranged from 18 to 21. The data were gathered through two different questionnaires in the form of students' reports in order to provide answers to two research questions. First, an Exploratory Practice (EP) was carried out with the participation of 32 students from two skill-based listening and speaking classes by using the first questionnaire as the data collection tool. The aim was to understand what warm-up activities/practices meant to students and to investigate students' perceptions on the use of warm-up activities as tools to increase participation in classes. Following the findings of EP, an Action Research (AR) was carried out in one of the classes with the participation of 21 students for a four-weeks period. The AR study was the implementation of the emerged themes from the EP in the form of redesigned warm-up activities. Following the classroom implementations, the second data collection tool, which was the second questionnaire, was distributed to the students. The findings of the second questionnaire provided the reflections of the students on the AR study. The collected data were content analyzed and the teacher researcher provided reflections on the overall process.Öğe Primary school teachers’ attitudes and knowledge levels on democracy and multicultural education: A scale development study(Editura Lumen, 2015) Toraman, Çetin; Acar, Ferit; Aydın, HasanMulticultural education is a recent educational perspective that cares about the needs of different cultural groups. As teachers perform the educational procedure, they have importance in achieving the goals of multicultural education. In this study, a concept map to measure teachers’ knowledge on multicultural education and democracy and multicultural education attitude scale” were developed for primary school teachers. A pilot scheme was performed in a working group with 130 primary school teachers from Ankara and Istanbul where two most populous cities in Turkey. An exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s Alpha Reliability Coefficient showed that democracy and multicultural education attitude scale is made up of five sub-dimensions (sub-scales) and it is a reliable and valid for attitude scale. Reliability and validity for concept map was supported by a group of experts who work in multicultural education field to revise a new concept map. In addition, in the pilot scheme the concepts “Universal Values”, “Human Rights” and “Showing Respect to Differences” were in more than one headings. Thus, regulations were made to increase validity and reliability.
