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    An extended pythagorean fuzzy approach to group decision-making with incomplete preferences for analyzing balanced scorecard-based renewable energy investments
    (IEEE-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2021) Xie, Yizhang; Zhou, Ye; Peng, Yue; Dinçer, Hasan; Yüksel, Serhat; Xiang, Ping An
    The aim of this study is to generate appropriate strategies to improve renewable energy investments. Within this framework, a novel model has also been proposed which includes three different stages. Firstly, incomplete preferences of the relation matrixes are calculated. For this purpose, 4 different decision makers evaluate the balanced scorecard-based criteria. In this stage, missing values are estimated by incomplete preferences to complete the relation matrixes. Additionally, the second stage includes the computing the fuzzy preferences by considering the consensus-based group decision-making (CGDM). The final stage is related to the calculation of the weights of the criteria by considering Pythagorean fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology. Hence, the main motivation of this study is to identify innovative strategies for the renewable energy investments with a novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model based on incomplete preferences, CGDM and Pythagorean fuzzy sets. The findings indicate that learning and growth is the most important balanced scorecard-based perspective to improve the performance of renewable energy investments. Additionally, the perspective of internal process is identified as another significant factor for this situation. The biggest problem in renewable energy projects is their high initial costs. Hence, technological developments reduce the production costs of renewable energy sources. Additionally, it is also possible to increase the amount of electricity from renewable energy sources owing to the innovative technologies. Thus, renewable energy investors should follow up-to-date technological developments so that it will be possible to reduce the cost of renewable energy investments.
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    Consensus-based public acceptance and mapping of nuclear energy investments using spherical and pythagorean fuzzy group decision making approaches
    (IEEE-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020) Xie, Yizhang; Peng, Yue; Yüksel, Serhat; Dinçer, Hasan; Uluer, Gülsüm Sena; Çağlayan, Çağatay; Li, Yi
    The purpose of the study is to identify the ways to improve the public acceptance for nuclear energy investment in energy importing countries. In this framework, 4 different factors are identified that have an infiuence on this situation. After that, consensus model is applied for obtaining the fuzzy preference relations at the most consistency level. Next, the criteria are weighted by usingDEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) methodology based on the Spherical fuzzy sets. Additionally, another evaluation has also been made by considering the Pythagorean fuzzy sets to check the consistency and coherency of the analysis results. It is identified that the results of both Spherical and Pythagorean fuzzy sets are almost the same. This situation gives information about the consistency of the analysis results. Also, sensitivity analysis is also applied by using the different values of ffi with 4 cases. It is determined that there is significant coherency in the consensus-based group decision-making process. The findings indicate that security conditions play the most crucial role to improve the public acceptance for nuclear energy investments in energy importing countries. In addition, it is also identified that economic benefit and environmental issues also have importance infiuence on this situation. It is recommended that countries should be able to convince their citizens that nuclear energy is safe. Within this context, necessary measures should be taken for security in nuclear power plants and this situation should be clearly explained to citizens. It is obvious that priority should be mainly given to the security issues to improve public perception of nuclear energy investments in energy importing countries. One of the issues most worried by the public is the possibility of an explosion of the nuclear reactor. Hence, for this purpose, the nuclear power plant should be open to international inspection.