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Öğe A tool for the assessment of swallowing safety and efficiency in adults: Turkish adaptation of boston residue and clearance scale(2025) Tosun, Samet; Topbaş, Saime Seyhun; Aksoy, ElifThe objective of this study was to create a Turkish language adaptation of the Boston Residue and Clearance Scale (BRACS), a validated and reliable tool. The BRACS scale was first translated into Turkish and a Turkish version was subsequently developed. Fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES) was administered to collect data from 25 dysphagic patients who were hospitalized after a stroke. The recorded films were subjected to editing procedures to ensure their appropriateness for the assessment of swallowing disorders and were then dispatched to a panel of five speech and language therapists for evaluation using the adaptation of the BRACS instrument. The scoring by the experts was evaluated using both explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent validity, item reliability, and construct (composite) reliability were measured by calculating the average variance extracted (AVE) values. For the 12 location items, EFA revealed 3 main latent factors: the laryngeal vestibule and the oropharynx and hypopharynx. The Turkish BRACS had excellent inter-rater reliability (Krippendorff’s alpha coefficient values ranged from 0.93 to 0.95) and high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from 0.88 to 0.93). Inter-rater ICCs for the first and second sessions were 0.83 and 0.85, respectively. CFA showed that all fitted criteria reached acceptable or perfect fit levels. The findings indicated that the proposed factor structure was validated. The AVE values are between 0.61 and 0.73 which was taken as evidence of convergent validity. The Turkish adaptation of the BRACS tool demonstrates both reliablity and validity, rendering it a useful and credible tool for assessing residual severity, particularly in clinical settings.Öğe Determination of cyberloafing level of speech and language therapy department students(2024) Karalı, Fenise Selin; Tosun, Samet; Şen Aksüt, Meltem; Kaçar Kütükçü, DilberCyberloafing is the use of (e.g. smartphones, tablets, laptops, and the Internet) for purposes other than work related reasons during work hours. Although cyberloafing in the workplace has been widely investigated, there is relatively a small number of studies on cyberloafing behaviors in educational settings, which refer to students' tendencies to use technology for non-class-related purposes during lectures. The goal of the current study is to determine how frequently and for what purposes speech and language therapy (SLT) students at Biruni University engage in cyberloafing during lectures. In this quantitative study, The Cyberloafing Scale was administered to 264 undergraduate students (235 female; 27 male; 2 preferred not to disclose). The results revealed that SLT students’ cyberloafing behavior was very high. However, there is no statistically significant difference between the gender variable and the overall mean score for cyberloafing. There is a statistically significant difference between genders in gaming/gambling subscale favoring males and in shopping subscale favoring females. Further studies should be conducted to analyze cyberloafing behavior in health education.Öğe Knowledge of speech and language therapists about drugs related to speech, language, voice and swallowing disorders(2024) Birol, Namık Yücel; Gündüz, Esra Yaşar; Tosun, SametThis descriptive study aims to assess the knowledge of speech and language therapists, who assess and treat clients with speech, language, voice, and swallowing disorders, their pharmacology education, and regarding the drugs related to these disorders. This study involved 96 speech and language therapists from different regions of Türkiye. A survey based on the literature was created to assess the level of knowledge of participants about the indications, contraindications and side effects of drugs related to speech, language, voice and swallowing disorders, as well as their pharmacology training. Our study determined that more than half of the participants had a low level or no knowledge about the indications, contraindications and side effects of drugs related to speech, language, voice and swallowing disorders. In addition, 86.5% of participants reported that they had not received adequate training on drugs at the bachelor and graduate level, and 93.8% of participants would like to receive more training on this subject. Since there is no study in literature that assesses the pharmacology knowledge of speech and language therapists, it is envisaged that our research will make a significant contribution to the field and raise the level of knowledge and awareness among professionals.Öğe The tdq-60 tr-a picture-naming test to assess anomia in Turkish adults and the elderly: normative data and validation study in alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment(2025) Karalı, Fenise Selin; Tosun, Samet; Eskioğlu, Elif İkbal; Çınar, Nilgün; Macoir, JoëlObjective: Anomia is defined by difficulty in retrieving content words like nouns and verbs from long-term memory, independent of any impairments related to articulatory movements or motor speech execution. The tools for measuring picture naming, the conventional method for assessing anomia, are very limited in Turkey. The aim of this study was to adapt the Test de Dénomination de Québec—60 images/Quebec picture-naming test—60 pictures (TDQ-60), a color picture-naming test for adults and the elderly into Turkish, establish its validity, and develop normative data adapted to the Turkish population to address this gap. Method: We conducted three separate studies. The objective of Study 1 was to culturally adapt the Test de Dénomination de Québec—60 images. In Study 2, we developed normative data for the TDQ-60 Tr adapted to the adult and elderly population in Turkey based on the performance of 414 community residents aged 18 years and older. In Study 3, the known-group validity, the convergent validity, and the test–retest validity of the TDQ-60 Tr were determined. Results: The results show that the TDQ-60 Tr is reliable in distinguishing participants with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment from healthy participants. The TDQ-60 Tr measures the same cognitive construct as the Boston Naming Test and also has a high test–retest reliability. Conclusions: In summary, the TDQ-60 Tr is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing naming abilities in adults and the elderly. The results of this study have significant implications for the assessment of naming ability in Turkish-speaking patients. Our work serves as a crucial connection to address the lack of tools for diagnosing anomia in Turkey.
