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    Anatomical, morphological, and chemical characterizations and biological activities of gagea taurica steven (Liliaceae): A new record for the Turkish Flora
    (Wiley, 2023) Yuca, Hafize; Karakaya, Songül; Ekşi, Gülnur; Aydın, Bilge; Göger, Gamze; Bona, Mehmet; Tekman, Enes; Acar Şahin, Aydan; Sytar, Oksana; Pınar, Nur Münevver; Güvenalp, Zühal
    Gagea genus, which is native to the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions, has attracted significant attention due to its biodiversity and potential health benefits. In this study, the biochemical composition and biological activities of methanol extracts from various parts of G. taurica were investigated, along with their anatomical and morphological characteristics. The best antimicrobial activity was found to be MeOH extracts of corm and leaf against several Candida strains with MIC = 640 mu g/mL. The highest level of phenolics together with significant results of antioxidant activities were observed in flowers extracts. The alpha-amylase inhibition assay results showed that the highest inhibition percentage was observed with acarbose (59 %), followed by leaf extract (43%). Leaf exhibited the most effective inhibitory activity in AChE inhibition assay, whereas flower demonstrated the most significant inhibitory activity in BChE inhibition assay. Hesperidin was found as 1621.0001 ng/ml value in flower extract and 283.9339 ng/ml value leaf.
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    The anatomical, morphological features, and biological activity of Scilla siberica subsp. armena (Grossh.) Mordak (Asparagaceae)
    (Springer Wien, 2023) Aydın, Bilge; Yuca, Hafize; Karakaya, Songül; Ekşi Bona, Gülnur; Göger, Gamze; Tekman, Enes; Acar Şahin, Aydan; Sytar, Oksana; Civaş, Ayşe; Canlı, Deniz; Pınar, Nur Münevver; Güvenalp, Zuhal
    Scilla siberica subsp. armena is known as Siberian Squill which is naturally distributed in Lebanon-Syria, Transcaucasus, and Turkey. It is a perennial bulbous plant with a short vegetation period from March to May. In this study, the antimicrobial, antioxidant, alpha-amylase, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of corm, leaf, and flower methanolic extracts were examined. The anatomy and morphology of the plant organs were investigated by light and electron microscopes. The anatomy of S. siberica subsp. armena was investigated for the first time by electron microscopy in this study. The corm, leaf, and flower methanolic extracts were assessed against E. coli ATCC 8739, S. aureus ATCC 6538, B. subtilis ATCC 19,659, C. albicans ATCC 10,231, C. krusei ATCC 14,243, and C. tropicalis ATCC 750. Among the extracts, that obtained from the blue pollen showed the best antimicrobial activity against C. tropicalis ATCC 750 strain with a MIC value of 312.5 mu g/mL. The highest phenolic content was determined in leaf extract with 53.59211 mu g GAE/mg extract value. The extract showed the best antilipid peroxidation activity with 376.69 mu g/mL value. Using DPPIT and ABTS(+) tests, it was determined that the flower and leaf extracts have the best activity (IC50 = 756.13 mu g/mL and IC50 = 94.07 mu g/mL, respectively). The flower extract exhibited a-glucosidase inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 5239 mu g/mL. Based on the presented results of the in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities of the S. siberica subsp. armena, we suggest that natural compounds from S. siberica subsp. armena are of potential use for the improvement of an antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agent.