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    Comparison of clinical and laboratory features and treatment options of 237 symptomatic and asymptomatic children infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey
    (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 2021) Soysal, Ahmet; Gönüllü, Erdem; Arslan, Hüseyin; Kibar, Büşra Sultan; Pop, Serdar; Yurttaş, Gözde Nur; Demirbacak, Hacer; Ünal, Füsun; Öktem, Sedat; Atıcı, Serkan; Yücel Şen, Arife Derda; Karabayır, Nalan; Karaböcüoğlu, Metin
    Since the first report of COVID-19 in December 2019, little is known about therapeutic usage of hydroxychloroquine in pediatric patients with COVID-19. We retrospectively retrieved data for SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive pediatric patients from 20 hospitals in 8 different cities in Turkey. We obtained patients' epidemiological, clinical, laboratory features and drugs used for treatment of COVID-19. 237 nasopharyngeal swab SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive children were included into the study from March 26 to June 20, 2020. The mean age of asymptomatic children (118±62 months) was found to be higher than that of symptomatic children (89±69 months). Symptomatic children had a significantly lower mean lymphocyte count and higher mean CRP, D-dimer value, procalcitonin and LDH than asymptomatic children in univariate analysis. Out of 156 children, 78 (50%) children received Hydroxychloroquine-containing regimen, 15 of them were treated with hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin + oseltamivir, 44 were treated with hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin and 21 were only treated with hydroxychloroquine. Among the 156 patients who received medical treatment, 90 (58%) patients had pre and/or post-treatment ECG performed upon them. However, none of them either reported ECG abnormalities or a need for discontinuation of hydroxychloroquine because of adverse drug reaction.
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    Comparison of immunogenicity and reactogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in previously SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected health care workers
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) Soysal, Ahmet; Gönüllü, Erdem; Karabayır, Nalan; Alan, Servet; Atıcı, Serkan; Yıldız, İsmail; Engin, Havva; Çivilibal, Mahmut; Karaböcüoğlu, Metin
    The effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) on previously naturally infected individuals are unknown. This study compared immunogenicity and reactogenicity of CoronaVac in once naturally infected health-care workers (HCWs) and uninfected HCWs. All HCWs were immunized with two doses of CoronaVac (600 U/0.5 ml) intramuscularly at a 28-day interval. Adverse reactions were obtained by web-based questionnaires or telephone calls seven days after each vaccine dose. Detection of antibody levels against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was done four weeks after the second dose of the vaccine. We enrolled 103 previously naturally infected and 627 uninfected HCWs. The mean time for vaccination after the first nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 positivity was 64 days (range: 15-136 days) in previously naturally infected HCWs. Among the previously naturally infected HCWs, 41 (40%) were asymptomatic, 52 (50%) had mild upper respiratory tract infections, 10 (105) had pneumonia, and only 6 (5%) were hospitalized. Any reported adverse reactions, either from the first dose or the second dose of vaccine administration, did not differ between previously infected and uninfected HCWs. Anti-RBD antibody titers were obtained in 50 (51%) of 103 previously infected HCWs and 142 (23%) of 627 uninfected HCWs. Anti-RBD antibody titers were significantly higher in HCWs with a previous natural infection (median 1220 AU/ml, range: 202-10328 AU/mL) than in uninfected HCWs (median: 913 AU/ml, range: 2.8-15547 AU/mL, p = .032). CoronaVac administration was safe and may elicit higher antibody responses in previously naturally infected individuals.
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    Pediatricians' COVID-19 experiences and views on the willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional survey in Turkey
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) Gönüllü, Erdem; Soysal, Ahmet; Atıcı, Serkan; Engin, Mesut; Yeşilbaş, Osman; Kasap, Tuba; Fedakar, Atiye; Bilgiç, Emre; Tavil, Emine Betül; Tutak, Ercan; Yıldız, İsmail; Akçay, Teoman; Yılmaz Ağladıoğlu, Sebahat; Tunç, Turan; Can, İlkay; Karaböcüoğlu, Metin; Karabayır, Nalan
    Developing an effective and safe vaccine against Covid-19 will facilitate return to normal. Due to hesitation toward the vaccine, it is crucial to explore the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine to the public and healthcare workers. In this cross-sectional survey, we invited 2251 pediatricians and 506 (22%) of them responded survey and 424 (84%) gave either nasopharyngeal swap or antibody assay for COVID-19 and 71 (14%) of them got diagnosis of COVID-19. If the effective and safe COVID-19 vaccine was launched on market, 420 (83%) of pediatrician accepted to get vaccine shot, 422 (83%) of them recommended vaccination to their family members, 380 (75%) of them accepted to vaccine their children and 445 (85%) of them offered vaccination to their pediatric patients. Among the participated pediatricians 304 (60%) of them thought COVID-19 vaccine should be mandatory. We found that there are high COVID-19 vaccine willingness rates for pediatricians for themselves, their own children, family members and their pediatric patients. We also found that being a pediatric subspecialist, believing in achieving an effective vaccine, willingness to participate in the phase 1-2 clinical vaccine trial, willingness to get an influenza shot this season, believing a vaccine and vaccine passport should be mandatory were significant factors in accepting the vaccine. It is important to share all information about COVID-19 vaccines, especially effectiveness and safety, with the public in a clear communication and transparency. The opposite will contribute to vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaccine movement.