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    How do airlines survive? An integrated efficiency analysis on the survival of airlines
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Kaya, Gizem; Aydın, Umut; Ülengin, Burç; Karadayı, Melis Almula; Ülengin, Füsun
    Airline managers must prepare effective strategies to cope with fluctuations and enhance the performance and competitiveness of their companies. Airline performance evaluation also requires a multidimensional perspective that focuses on both financial and nonfinancial indicators. In this study; a two-stage super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to better understand the sources of inefficiency, and an enhanced performance evaluation from five different dimensions was conducted by integrating the sustainability balanced scorecard and two-stage DEA approaches. The results indicated that Aeromexico and Icelandair had the highest efficiency scores among the 35 airlines, and they were labeled as efficient with respect to the customer, finance, internal process, learning and growth, and environmental dimensions of the SBSC. Finally; a regression analysis based on the Simar–Wilson method shows that an increase in the number of wide-body aircraft and return on assets negatively affects efficiency, net carrier airlines are more efficient than low-cost airlines, and airlines that are not members of any alliance are more efficient.
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    Integrated methodology for evaluating the efficiency of airports: A case study in Turkey
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Kaya, Gizem; Aydın, Umut; Karadayı, Melis Almula; Ülengin, Füsun; Ülengin, Burç; İçken, Ayhan
    Airports play an important role in the economic development of countries. Efficiency analyses of airports are crucial for providing an important roadmap to airport authorities and for helping to benchmark their airports with respect to a role model. Accordingly, in this study, an integrated analysis comprising a super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) and an eigenvector centrality analysis is conducted. Additionally, a Simar–Wilson bootstrapping approach was used to identify the important factors influencing this ef?ciency. As a case study, the efficiencies of Turkey's 39 international airports were analyzed, and strategic recommendations were suggested. According to the results of the super-efficient DEA analysis and eigenvector centrality analysis, Istanbul Atatürk (closed as of 2019), Adana, and Diyarbakır airports are the “shining stars.” These airports are operationally efficient and act as role models for other airports. Moreover, the hypothesis testing conducted based on the Simar–Wilson bootstrapping approach shows that the efficiency of airports varies by region. The efficiency of airports in the Mediterranean region, which is used as a reference, was found to be significantly higher than that of airports in Eastern Anatolia, Southeast Anatolia, Central Anatolia, and Marmara regions. There also exists a difference between the efficiencies of private and public terminal operations in the favor of public terminal operations. The efficiency of an airport is also positively influenced by the tourist population and by an increase in the gross domestic product per capita of the corresponding city.