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    Migrant and ethnic minority nurses' experience of working in European health services: A qualitative study
    (NLM (Medline), 2022) Antón-Solanas, Isabel; Rodríguez-Roca, Beatriz; Vanceulebroeck, Valérie; Kömürcü, Nuran; Kalkan, Indrani; Huércanos-Esparza, Isabel; Casa-Nova, Antonio; Hamam-Alcober, Nadia; Tambo-Lizalde, Elena; Coelho, Margarida; Coelho, Teresa; Van Gils, Yannic; Değirmenci Öz, Seda; Kavala, Arzu; Ramón-Arbués, Enrique; Jerue, Benjamin A.; Subirón-Valera, Ana B.
    OBJECTIVE: To analyze the perception of culture and experience of working in European health services of a purposive sample of qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. METHOD: A qualitative phenomenological method was chosen. Individual interviews took place with 8 qualified migrant and ethnic minority nurses currently living in four European countries. Thematic analysis was conducted using Braun and Clark's stages after qualitative data had been verbatim transcribed, translated into English, and analyzed. RESULTS: Four themes and 4 subthemes emerged from thematic analysis of the transcripts. CONCLUSION: Migrant and ethnic minority nurses working in the European Union experience and witness discrimination and prejudice from patients and colleagues due to cultural differences. European health services should closely monitor and address discrimination and prejudice towards migrant and ethnic minority staff and patients, and take initiatives to reduce and, eventually, eradicate them.
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    Qualified nurses' perceptions of cultural competence and experiences of caring for culturally diverse patients: A qualitative study in four European countries
    (MDPI (Multidisipliner Digital Publishing Institute), 2022) Anton-Solanas, Isabel; Rodríguez-Roca, Beatriz; Vanceulebroeck, Valérie; Kömürcü, Nuran; Kalkan, Indrani; Tambo-Lizalde, Elena; Huércanos-Esparza, Isabel; Nova, Antonio Casa; Hamam-Alcober, Nadia; Coelho, Margarida; Coelho, Teresa; Gils, Yannic Van; Öz, Seda Degirmenci; Kavala, Arzu; Subirón-Valera, Ana B
    Background: European nurses are expected to provide appropriate care for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. However, there is limited knowledge and understanding of this process. The aim of this study was to analyse the perceptions of culture and experiences of caring for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds of a purposive sample of qualified nurses from four European countries, namely Belgium, Portugal, Spain and Turkey. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was selected in order to understand complex phenomena through the participants' lived experiences, meanings and perspectives. Individual interviews and focus groups took place with 28 staff nurses and 11 nurse managers from four European countries. The sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of the sample were described and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim, translated into English and analysed following Braun and Clark's phases for thematic analysis. Results: Five themes and twelve subthemes emerged from thematic analysis of the transcripts. The themes included: (1) relevance of culture for nursing; (2) culture in the healthcare service; (3) qualities of the healthcare professionals; (4) challenges to culturally competent care; (5) becoming a culturally competent nurse. Conclusions: There are challenges to the delivery of culturally congruent care, namely language and communication difficulties, prejudices and stereotyping in the health service, a tendency for ethnocentrism, a lack of education and training in cultural competence and a lack of support from the health service to facilitate new ways of acting.