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    Comparison of the effects of surface treatments on roughness of two ceramic systems
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2012) Dilber, Erhan; Yavuz, Tevfik; Kara, Haluk Barış; Öztürk, Atiye Nilgün
    Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different surface treatments on the surface roughness of lithium disilicate-based core (IPS Empress 2, shade 210, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and feldspathic ceramics (Vita VM9, VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Sackingen, Germany). Background data: Er:YAG laser irradiation is expected to be an alternative surface treatment, thus enhances surface roughness of procelains and produces morphological changes. Methods: Fifty lithium disilicate-based core ceramic discs and 50 feldspathic ceramic discs were prepared (diameter, 10 mm; thickness, 1 mm) according to the manufacturers' instructions. All-ceramic discs were polished to standardize, and surface roughness of the discs was evaluated before treatment and serving as controls. Both of two ceramic groups were divided into five groups (n = 10), and the following treatments were applied: (1) sandblasting with aluminum oxide (Al2O3; Group SB); (2) Al2O3 + Er:YAG laser (Group SB-L); (3) Er:YAG laser irradiation (distance, 1 mm; 500 mJ; 20 Hz; 10W; manually, contact handpiece [R 14]) (Group L); (4) 5% hydrofluoric acid etching (Group HF); and (5) Er: YAG laser + 5% hydrofluoric acid (Group HF-L). Surface roughness was evaluated by profilometry, and specimens were then examined with atomic force microscopy. Results: Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (alpha = 0.05). The Wilcoxon signed rank test results indicated that surface roughness after sandblasting was significantly different from the surface roughness after laser irradiation and acid etching (p < 0.001). Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis test results indicated that groups SB and SB-L had significantly higher mean roughness values (p < 0.05) than those in the other groups. Conclusions: Groups SB and SB-L had rougher surfaces than the groups subjected to the other surface treatment methods. There was no significant difference in surface roughness between the HF acid etching, Er:YAG laser irradiation, and HF and Er:YAG (p < 0.05).
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    Custom cast post treatment on an implant platform in 2 patients
    (Allen Press, 2015) Dilber, Erhan; Baytaroğlu, Ebru Nur; Kara, Haluk Barış; Kara, Özlem
    The use of implant-supported prostheses to replace missing natural teeth has become an accepted treatment approach in dentistry. Although implant prostheses have a high overall success rate, numerous complications have been reported, and the device sometimes fails. The biological complications associated with the use of the device include peri-implant radiolucency, peri-implantitis, and loss of osseointegration radiographically. Mechanical failure of implant components can manifest in the form of loosened screws, loss of retention, screw or fixture fracture, and porcelain or framework fracture.
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    Effect of different surface treatments on porcelain-resin bond strength
    (Wiley, 2017) Yavuz, Tevfik; Özyılmaz, Özgün Yusuf; Dilber, Erhan; Tobi, Elif Sümeyye; Kılıç, Hamdi Şükür
    Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various surface treatments on the surface structure and shear bond strength (SBS) of different ceramics. Materials and Methods: total of 192 disk-shaped cores were prepared using two all-ceramic systems, of which 168 were submitted to SBS tests, and 24 were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The ceramics used were IPS Empress e.max (EX) lithium glass-ceramic and Vita In-Ceram Zirconia glass-infiltrated zirconia (ICZ). The specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 12) on the basis of the surface treatment used: control; SB-sandblasting with 50 mu m Al2O3 particles; CJ-chairside silica coating with 30 mu m SiO2 particles and silanization (Clearfil Porcelain Bond Activator); HF-etching in 5% hydrofluoric acid and silanization; ER-etching with an Er:YAG laser (10 W); ND-Nd:YAG laser etching (0.8 W); and FS-etching with a femtosecond laser (860 mW). A luting cement (Clearfil Esthetic) was photopolymerized on each treated ceramic disk. After subjecting the specimens to thermocycling (1000 cycles, 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C), SBS tests were performed using a universal testing machine. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests using a significance limit of 5%. Results: ong the EX ceramics, the CJ (29.10 MPa) and HF (26.07 MPa) specimens had statistically higher SBS values. For the ICZ ceramics, the highest value (28.08 MPa) was obtained for the CJ specimens. Conclusions: lanization after coating with silica improves the bond strengths of both EX and ICZ specimens, while HF etching is favorable only for the EX specimens.
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    Effects of different surface treatments on shear bond strength in two different ceramic systems
    (Springer London Ltd, 2013) Yavuz, Tevfik; Dilber, Erhan; Kara, Haluk Barış; Tunçdemir, Ali Rıza; Öztürk, Atiye Nilgün
    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different surface treatments (sandblasting, acid etching, and laser irradiation) on the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate-based core (IPS Empress 2) and feldspathic ceramics (VITA VM 9). One hundred ceramic discs were divided into two groups of 50 discs each for two ceramic systems: IPS Empress 2 (group I) and VITA VM 9 (group II). Each of the two groups was further divided into five surface treatment groups (ten each) as follows: group SB, sandblasting with alumina particles (50 mu m); group HF, 5 % hydrofluoric acid etching; group L, Er:YAG laser irradiation (distance, 1 mm; 500 mJ; 20 Hz; 10 W; manually, noncontact R14 handpiece); group SB-L, sandblasting + Er:YAG laser; and group HF-L, 5 % hydrofluoric acid + Er:YAG laser. Luting cement (Panavia 2.0) was bonded to the ceramic specimens using Teflon tubes. After 24 h of water storage, a shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests (alpha = 0.05). The two-way ANOVA indicated that the shear bond strength was significantly affected by the surface treatment methods (p < 0.05), but there was no significant interaction between the ceramic systems. Group SB-L had the highest mean values for each ceramic system. Sandblasting, followed by Er:YAG laser irradiation, enhanced the bond strength, indicating its potential use as an alternative method. The atomic force microscopic evaluation revealed that group SB had the most distinct sharp peaks among the groups.