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Öğe Abnormal cortical neural synchronization mechanisms in quiet wakefulness are related to motor deficits, cognitive symptoms, and visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease patients: an electroencephalographic study(Elsevier Science Inc., 2020) Babiloni, Claudio; Pascarelli, Maria Teresa; Lizio, Roberta; Noce, Giuseppe; Lopez, Susanna; Rizzo, Marco; Ferri, Raffaele; Soricelli, Andrea; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Fama, Francesco; Orzi, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Salvetti, Marco; Cipollini, Virginia; Bonanni, Laura; Franciotti, Raffaella; Onofrj, Marco; Stirpe, Paola; Fuhr, Peter; Gschwandtner, Ute; Ransmayr, Gerhard; Aarsland, Dag; Parnetti, Lucilla; Farotti, Lucia; Marizzoni, Moira; D'Antonio, Fabrizia; De Lena, Carlo; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Yener, Görsev; Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu; Triggiani, Antonio Ivano; Taylor, John Paul; McKeith, Ian; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Vacca, Laura; Hampel, Harald; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; De Pandis, Maria Francesca; Del Percio, ClaudioCompared with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) shows peculiar clinical manifestations related to vigilance (i.e., executive cognitive deficits and visual hallucinations) that may be reflected in resting-state electroencephalographic rhythms. To test this hypothesis, clinical and resting-state electroencephalographic rhythms in age-, sex-, and education-matched PD patients (N = 136) and Alzheimer's disease patients (AD, N = 85), and healthy older participants (Nold, N = 65), were available from an international archive. Electroencephalographic sources were estimated by eLORETA software. The results are as follows: (1) compared to the Nold participants, the AD and PD patients showed higher widespread delta source activities (PD > AD) and lower posterior alpha source activities (AD > PD); (2) the PD patients with the most pronounced motor deficits exhibited very low alpha source activities in widespread cortical regions; (3) the PD patients with the strongest cognitive deficits showed higher alpha source activities in widespread cortical regions; and (4) compared to the PD patients without visual hallucinations, those with visual hallucinations were characterized by higher posterior alpha sources activities. These results suggest that in PD patients resting in quiet wakefulness, abnormalities in cortical neural synchronization at alpha frequencies are differently related to cognitive, motor, and visual hallucinations. Interestingly, parallel PD neuropathological processes may have opposite effects on cortical neural synchronization mechanisms generating cortical alpha rhythms in quiet wakefulness.Öğe Abnormalities of cortical neural synchronization mechanisms in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's and Lewy body diseases: An EEG study(Elsevier Science Inc., 2017) Babiloni, Claudio; Del Percio, Claudio; Lizio, Roberta; Noce, Giuseppe; Cordone, Susanna; Lopez, Susanna; Soricelli, Andrea; Ferri, Raffaele; Pascarelli, Maria Teresa; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Aarsland, Dag; Orzi, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Onofrj, Marco; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Stirpe, Paola; Fuhr, Peter; Gschwandtner, Ute; Ransmayr, Gerhard; Caravias, Georg; Garn, Heinrich; Sorpresi, Fabiola; Pievani, Michela; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; D'Antonio, Fabrizia; De Lena, Carlo; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Başar, Erol; Yener, Görsev; Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu; Triggiani, Antonio Ivano; Franciotti, Raffaella; De Pandis, Maria Francesca; Bonanni, LauraThe aim of this retrospective exploratory study was that resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms might reflect brain arousal in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy body (DLB). Clinical and rsEEG data of 42 ADD, 42 PDD, 34 DLB, and 40 healthy elderly (Nold) subjects were available in an international archive. Demography, education, and Mini-Mental State Evaluation score were not different between the patient groups. Individual alpha frequency peak (IAF) determined the delta, theta, alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 frequency bands. Fixed beta 1, beta 2, and gamma bands were also considered. rsEEG cortical sources were estimated by means of the exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic source tomography and were then classified across individuals, on the basis of the receiver operating characteristic curves. Compared to Nold, IAF showed marked slowing in PDD and DLB and moderate slowing in ADD. Furthermore, all patient groups showed lower posterior alpha 2 source activities. This effect was dramatic in ADD, marked in DLB, and moderate in PDD. These groups also showed higher occipital delta source activities, but this effect was dramatic in PDD, marked in DLB, and moderate in ADD. The posterior delta and alpha sources allowed good classification accuracy (approximately 0.85-0.90) between the Nold subjects and patients, and between ADD and PDD patients. In quiet wakefulness, delta and alpha sources unveiled different spatial and frequency features of the cortical neural synchronization underpinning brain arousal in ADD, PDD, and DLB patients. Future prospective cross-validation studies should test these rsEEG markers for clinical applications and drug discovery.Öğe Abnormalities of cortical neural synchronization mechanisms in subjects with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: An EEG study(IOS Press, 2017) Babiloni, Claudio; Del Percio, Claudio; Lizio, Roberta; Noce, Giuseppe; Cordone, Susanna; Lopez, Susanna; Soricelli, Andrea; Ferri, Raffaele; Pascarelli, Maria Teresa; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Fama, Francesco; Aarsland, Dag; Orzi, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Onofrj, Marco; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Stirpe, Paola; Fuhr, Peter; Gschwandtner, Ute; Ransmayr, Gerhard; Caravias, Georg; Garn, Heinrich; Sorpresi, Fabiola; Pievani, Michela; D'Antonio, Fabrizia; De Lena, Carlo; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Basar, Erol; Yeners, Gorsev; Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu; Triggiani, Antonio Ivano; Franciotti, Raffaella; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Bonanni, Laura; De Pandis, Maria FrancescaThe aim of this retrospective and exploratory study was that the cortical sources of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms might reveal different abnormalities in cortical neural synchronization in groups of patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) and Parkinson's disease (PDMCI) as compared to healthy subjects. Clinical and rsEEG data of 75 ADMCI, 75 PDMCI, and 75 cognitively normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in an international archive. Age, gender, and education were carefully matched in the three groups. The Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) was matched between the ADMCI and PDMCI groups. Individual alpha frequency peak (IAF) was used to determine the delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, and alpha3 frequency band ranges. Fixed beta1, beta2, and gamma bands were also considered. eLORETA estimated the rsEEG cortical sources. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) classified these sources across individuals. Results showed that compared to the Nold group, the posterior alpha2 and alpha3 source activities were more abnormal in the ADMCI than the PDMCI group, while the parietal delta source activities were more abnormal in the PDMCI than the ADMCI group. The parietal delta and alpha sources correlated with MMSE score and correctly classified the Nold and diseased individuals (area under the ROC=0.77-0.79). In conclusion, the PDMCI and ADMCI patients showed different features of cortical neural synchronization at delta and alpha frequencies underpinning brain arousal and vigilance in the quiet wakefulness. Future prospective cross-validation studies will have to test these rsEEG markers for clinical applications and drug discovery.Öğe Abnormalities of resting-state EEG in patients with prodromal and overt dementia with Lewy bodies: Relation to clinical symptoms(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2020) Pascarelli, Maria Teresa; Del Percio, Claudio; De Pandis, Maria Francesca; Ferri, Raffaele; Lizio, Roberta; Noce, Giuseppe; Lopez, Susanna; Rizzo, Marco; Soricelli, Andrea; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Fama, Francesco; Orzi, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Salvetti, Marco; Cipollini, Virginia; Franciotti, Raffaella; Onofri, Marco; Fuhr, Peter; Gschwandtner, Ute; Ransmayr, Gerhard; Aarsland, Dag; Parnetti, Lucilla; Farotti, Lucia; Marizzoni, Moira; D'Antonio, Fabrizia; De Lena, Carlo; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Yener, Görsev; Emek Savaş, Derya Durusu; Triggiani, Antonio Ivano; Taylor, John Paul; McKeith, Ian; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Vacca, Laura; Hampel, Harald; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Bonanni, Laura; Babiloni, ClaudioObjective: Here we tested if cortical sources of resting state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms may differ in sub-groups of patients with prodromal and overt dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) as a function of relevant clinical symptoms.Methods: We extracted clinical, demographic and rsEEG datasets in matched DLB patients (N = 60) and control Alzheimer's disease (AD, N = 60) and healthy elderly (Nold, N = 60) seniors from our international database. The eLORETA freeware was used to estimate cortical rsEEG sources.Results: As compared to the Nold group, the DLB and AD groups generally exhibited greater spatially distributed delta source activities (DLB > AD) and lower alpha source activities posteriorly (AD > DLB). As compared to the DLB ``controls", the DLB patients with (1) rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorders showed lower central alpha source activities (p < 0.005); (2) greater cognitive deficits exhibited higher parietal and central theta source activities as well as higher central, parietal, and occipital alpha source activities (p < 0.01); (3) visual hallucinations pointed to greater parietal delta source activities (p < 0.005).Conclusions: Relevant clinical features were associated with abnormalities in spatial and frequency features of rsEEG source activities in DLB patients.Significance: Those features may be used as neurophysiological surrogate endpoints of clinical symptoms in DLB patients in future cross-validation prospective studies.Öğe Are there consistent abnormalities in event-related EEG oscillations in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to other diseases belonging to dementia?(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Güntekin, Bahar; Aktürk, Tuba; Arakaki, Xianghong; Bonanni, Laura; Del Percio, Claudio; Edelmayer, Rebecca; Farina, Francesca; Ferri, Raffaele; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Kumar, Sanjeev; Lizio, Roberta; Lopez, Susanna; Murphy, Brian; Noce, Giuseppe; Randall, Fiona; Sack, Alexander T.; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Yener, Görsev; Yıldırım, Ebru; Babiloni, ClaudioCerebrospinal and structural-molecular neuroimaging in-vivo biomarkers are recommended for diagnostic purposes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias; however, they do not explain the effects of AD neuropathology on neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning cognitive processes. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer’s Association reviewed the field literature and reached consensus on the event-related electroencephalographic oscillations (EROs) that show consistent abnormalities in patients with significant cognitive deficits due to Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s (PD), Lewy body (LBD), and cerebrovascular diseases. Converging evidence from oddball paradigms showed that, as compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults, AD patients had lower amplitude in widespread delta (>4 Hz) and theta (4–7 Hz) phase-locked EROs as a function of disease severity. Similar effects were also observed in PD, LBD, and/or cerebrovascular cognitive impairment patients. Non-phase-locked alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) oscillations were abnormally reduced (event-related desynchronization, ERD) in AD patients relative to CU. However, studies on patients with other dementias remain lacking. Delta and theta phase-locked EROs during oddball tasks may be useful neurophysiological biomarkers of cognitive systems at work in heuristic and intervention clinical trials performed in AD patients, but more research is needed regarding their potential role for other dementias.Öğe Classification of patients with alzheimer's disease and dementia with lewy bodies using resting EEG selected features at sensor and source levels: A proof-of-concept study(Bentham Science, 2021) San Martin, Rodrigo; J Fraga, Francisco; Del Percio, Claudio; Lizio, Roberta; Noce, Giuseppe; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; D'Antonio, Fabrizia; Lena, Carlo De; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Taylor, John Paul; McKeith, Ian; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Ferri, Raffaele; Onofrj, Marco; Lopez, Susanna; Bonanni, Laura; Babiloni, ClaudioBackground: Early differentiation between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is important for accurate prognosis, as DLB patients typically show faster disease progression. Cortical neural networks, necessary for human cognitive function, may be disrupted differently in DLB and AD patients, allowing diagnostic differentiation between AD and DLB. Objective: This proof-of-concept study assessed whether the application of machine learning techniques to data derived from resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms (discriminant sensor power, 19 electrodes) and source connectivity (between five cortical regions of interest) allowed differentiation between DLB and AD. Methods: Clinical, demographic, and rsEEG datasets from DLB patients (N=30), AD patients (N=30), and control seniors (NOld, N=30), matched for age, sex, and education, were taken from our international database. Individual (delta, theta, alpha) and fixed (beta) rsEEG frequency bands were included. The rsEEG features for the classification task were computed at both sensor and source levels. The source level was based on eLORETA freeware toolboxes for estimating cortical source activity and linear lagged connectivity. Fluctuations of rsEEG recordings (band-pass waveform envelopes of each EEG rhythm) were also computed at both sensor and source levels. After blind feature reduction, rsEEG features served as input to support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. Discrimination of individuals from the three groups was measured with standard performance metrics (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity). Results: The trained SVM two-class classifiers showed classification accuracies of 97.6% for NOld vs. AD, 99.7% for NOld vs. DLB, and 97.8% for AD vs. DLB. Three-class classifiers (AD vs. DLB vs. NOld) showed classification accuracy of 94.79%. Conclusion: These promising preliminary results should encourage future prospective and longitudinal cross-validation studies using higher resolution EEG techniques and harmonized clinical procedures to enable the clinical application of these machine learning techniques.Öğe Functional cortical source connectivity of resting state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms shows similar abnormalities in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2018) Babiloni, Claudio; Del Percio, Claudio; Lizio, Roberta; Noce, Giuseppe; Lopez, Susanna; Soricelli, Andrea; Ferri, Raffaele; Pascarelli, Maria Teresa; Catania, Valentina; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Fama, Francesco; Orzi, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Bonanni, Laura; Franciotti, Raffaella; Onofrj, Marco; Stirpe, Paola; Fuhr, Peter; Gschwandtner, Ute; Ransmayr, Gerhard; Garn, Heinrich; Fraioli, Lucia; Pievanim, Michela; D'Antonio, Fabrizia; De Lena, Carlo; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Başar, Erol; Yener, Görsev; Emek-Savas, Derya Durusu; Triggiani, Antonio Ivano; Taylor, John Paul; De Pandis, Maria Francesca; Vacca, Laura; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Stocchi, FabrizioObjective: This study tested the hypothesis that markers of functional cortical source connectivity of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms may be abnormal in subjects with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's (ADMCI) and Parkinson's (PDMCI) diseases compared to healthy elderly subjects (Nold). Methods: rsEEG data had been collected in ADMCI, PDMCI, and Nold subjects (N = 75 for any group). eLORETA freeware estimated functional lagged linear connectivity (LLC) from rsEEG cortical sources. Area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve indexed the accuracy in the classification of Nold and MCI individuals. Results: Posterior interhemispheric and widespread intrahemispheric alpha LLC solutions were abnormally lower in both MCI groups compared to the Nold group. At the individual level, AUROC curves of LLC solutions in posterior alpha sources exhibited moderate accuracies (0.70-0.72) in the discrimination of Nold vs. ADMCI-PDMCI individuals. No differences in the LLC solutions were found between the two MCI groups. Conclusions: These findings unveil similar abnormalities in functional cortical connectivity estimated in widespread alpha sources in ADMCI and PDMCI. This was true at both group and individual levels. Significance: The similar abnormality of alpha source connectivity in ADMCI and PDMCI subjects might reflect common cholinergic impairment.Öğe Resting state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms are sensitive to Alzheimer's disease mild cognitive impairment progression at a 6-month follow-up(2024) Babiloni, Claudio; Jakhar, Dharmendra; Tucci, Federico; Del Percio, Claudio; Lopez, Susanna; Soricelli, Andrea; Salvatore, Marco; Ferri, Raffaele; Catania, Valentina; Massa, Federico; Arnaldi, Dario; Famà, Francesco; Güntekin, Bahar; Yener, Görsev; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Vacca, Laura; Marizzoni, Moira; Giubilei, Franco; Yıldırım, Ebru; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Hünerli, Duygu; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Noce, GiuseppeAre posterior resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) alpha rhythms sensitive to the Alzheimer's disease mild cognitive impairment (ADMCI) progression at a 6-month follow-up? Clinical, cerebrospinal, neuroimaging, and rsEEG datasets in 52 ADMCI and 60 Healthy old seniors (equivalent groups for demographic features) were available from an international archive (www.pdwaves.eu). The ADMCI patients were arbitrarily divided into two groups: REACTIVE and UNREACTIVE, based on the reduction (reactivity) in the posterior rsEEG alpha eLORETA source activities from the eyes-closed to eyes-open condition at ? ?10% and ?10%, respectively. 75% of the ADMCI patients were REACTIVE. Compared to the UNREACTIVE group, the REACTIVE group showed (1) less abnormal posterior rsEEG source activity during the eyes-closed condition and (2) a decrease in that activity at the 6-month follow-up. These effects could not be explained by neuroimaging and neuropsychological biomarkers of AD. Such a biomarker might reflect abnormalities in cortical arousal in quiet wakefulness to be used for clinical studies in ADMCI patients using 6-month follow-ups.Öğe Resting-state eeg alpha rhythms are related to csf tau biomarkers in prodromal alzheimer’s disease(2025) Del Percio, Claudio; Lizio, Roberta; Lopez, Susanna; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Helvacı Yılmaz, Nesrin; Babiloni, ClaudioPatients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (ADMCI) typically show abnormally high delta (<4 Hz) and low alpha (8–12 Hz) rhythms measured from resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) activity. Here, we hypothesized that the abnormalities in rsEEG activity may be greater in ADMCI patients than in those with MCI not due to AD (noADMCI). Furthermore, they may be associated with the diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid–tau biomarkers in ADMCI patients. An international database provided clinical–demographic–rsEEG datasets for cognitively unimpaired older (Healthy; N = 45), ADMCI (N = 70), and noADMCI (N = 45) participants. The rsEEG rhythms spanned individual delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands. The eLORETA freeware estimated cortical rsEEG sources. Posterior rsEEG alpha source activities were reduced in the ADMCI group compared not only to the Healthy group but also to the noADMCI group (p < 0.001). Negative associations between the CSF phospho-tau and total tau levels and posterior rsEEG alpha source activities were observed in the ADMCI group (p < 0.001), whereas those with CSF amyloid beta 42 levels were marginal. These results suggest that neurophysiological brain neural oscillatory synchronization mechanisms regulating cortical arousal and vigilance through rsEEG alpha rhythms are mainly affected by brain tauopathy in ADMCI patients.Öğe Resting-state electroencephalographic delta rhythms may reflect global cortical arousal in healthy old seniors and patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia(Elsevier, 2020) Babiloni, Claudio; Ferri, Raffaele; Noce, Giuseppe; Lizio, Roberta; Lopez, Susanna; Soricelli, Andrea; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Fama, Francesco; Orzi, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Cipollini, Virginia; Marizzoni, Moira; Güntekin, Bahar; Aktürk, Tuba; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Yener, Görsev; Emek Savaş, Derya Durusu; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Vacca, Laura; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Del Percio, ClaudioExtending Basar's theory of event-related EEG oscillations, here we hypothesize that even in quiet wakefulness, transient increases in delta rhythms may enhance global cortical arousal as revealed by the desynchronization of alpha rhythms in normal (Nold) seniors with some derangement in Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD).Clinical and EEG datasets in 100 ADD and 100 Nold individuals matched as demography, education, and gender were taken from an international archive. Standard delta (< 4 Hz) and alpha1 (8-10.5 Hz) bands were used for the main analysis, while alpha2 (10.5-13 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), beta1 (13-20 Hz), beta2 (20-35 Hz), and gamma (35-40 Hz) served as controls. In the interpretation, the higher the alpha1 power (density), the lower that arousal. As expected, when compared to the Nold group, the ADD group showed higher global (scalp) power density at the delta-theta band and lower global power density at the alpha-beta bands. As novel findings, we observed that: (1) in the Nold group, the global delta and alpha1-2 power were negatively and linearly correlated; (2) in the ADD group, this correlation was just marginal; and (3) in both Nold and AD groups, the EEG epochs with the highest delta power (median value for stratification) were associated with the lowest global alpha1 power. This effect was related to eLORETA freeware solutions showing maximum alpha1 source activations in posterior cortical regions.These results suggest that even in quiet wakefulness, delta and alpha rhythms are related to each other, and ADD partially affects this cross-band neurophysiological mechanism.Öğe Resting-state electroencephalographic rhythms depend on sex in patients with dementia due to parkinson's and lewy body diseases an exploratory study(2025) Del Percio, Claudio; Lizio, Roberta; Lopez, Susanna; Güntekin, Bahar; Hanoğlu, Lütfü; Helvacı Yılmaz, Nesrin; Babiloni, ClaudioParkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are more prevalent in males than females. Furthermore, they typically showed abnormally high delta (< 4 Hz) and low alpha (8–10 Hz) rhythms from resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) activity. Here, we hypothesized that those abnormalities may depend on the patient's sex. An international database provided clinical-demographic-rsEEG datasets for cognitively unimpaired older (Healthy; N = 49; 24 females), PDD (N = 39; 13 females), and DLB (N = 38; 15 females) participants. Each group was stratified into matched female and male subgroups. The rsEEG rhythms were investigated across the individual rsEEG delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands based on the individual alpha frequency peak. The eLORETA freeware was used to estimate cortical rsEEG sources. In the Healthy group, widespread rsEEG alpha source activities were greater in the females than in the males. In the PDD group, widespread rsEEG delta source activities were lower and widespread rsEEG alpha source activities were greater in the females than in the males. In the DLB group, central-parietal rsEEG delta source activities were lower, and posterior rsEEG alpha source activities were greater in the females than in the males. These results suggest sex-dependent hormonal modulation of neuroprotective-compensatory neurophysiological mechanisms in PDD and DLB patients underlying the generation of rsEEG delta and alpha rhythms, which should be considered in the treatment of vigilance dysregulation in those patients.Öğe Treatment effects on event-related EEG potentials and oscillations in Alzheimer's disease(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Yener, Görsev; Hünerli Gündüz, Duygu; Yıldırım, Ebru; Aktürk, Tuba; Başar Eroğlu, Canan; Bonanni, Laura; Del Percio, Claudio; Farina, Francesca; Ferri, Raffaele; Güntekin, Bahar; Hajós, Mihály; Ibáñez, Agustín; Jiang, Yang; Lizio, Roberta; Lopez, Susanna; Noce, Giuseppe; Parra, Mario A.; Randall, Fiona; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Babiloni, ClaudioAlzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorder belonging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in old persons. This disease is provoked by an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta and tauopathy proteins in the brain. Very recently, the first disease-modifying drug has been licensed with reserve (i.e., Aducanumab). Therefore, there is a need to identify and use biomarkers probing the neurophysiological underpinnings of human cognitive functions to test the clinical efficacy of that drug. In this regard, event-related electroencephalographic potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) are promising candidates. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association and Global Brain Consortium reviewed the field literature on the effects of the most used symptomatic drug against ADD (i.e., Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) on ERPs and EROs in ADD patients with MCI and dementia at the group level. The most convincing results were found in ADD patients. In those patients, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors partially normalized ERP P300 peak latency and amplitude in oddball paradigms using visual stimuli. In these same paradigms, those drugs partially normalize ERO phase-locking at the theta band (4–7 Hz) and spectral coherence between electrode pairs at the gamma (around 40 Hz) band. These results are of great interest and may motivate multicentric, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials in MCI and ADD patients for final cross-validation.Öğe What a single electroencephalographic (EEG) channel can tell us about patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Del Percio, Claudio; Noce, Giuseppe; Lopez, Susanna; Tucci, Federico; Carlin, Graziano; Lizio, Roberta; Musat, Andreea M.; Soricelli, Andrea; Salvatore, Marco; Ferri, Raffaele; Nobili, Flavio; Arnaldi, Dario; Famà, Francesco; Buttinelli, Carla; Giubilei, Franco; Marizzoni, Moira; Güntekin, Bahar; Yener, Görsev; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Vacca, Laura; Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Babiloni, ClaudioAbnormalities in cortical sources of resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms recorded by hospital settings (10–20 electrode montage) with 19 scalp electrodes provide useful markers of neurophysiological dysfunctions in the vigilance regulation in patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD). Here we tested whether these markers may be effective from a few scalp electrodes towards the use of low-cost recording devices. Clinical and rsEEG data acquired in hospital settings (10–20 electrode montage) from 88 ADD participants and 68 age-, education-, and sex-matched normal elderly controls (Nold) were available in an international Eurasian database. Standard spectral FFT analysis of rsEEG data for individual delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands was from C3-P3, C4-P4, P3-O1, and P4-O2 bipolar channels. As compared to the Nold group, the ADD group showed increased delta, theta, low-frequency alpha power density and decreased high-frequency alpha power density at all those bipolar channels. The highest classification accuracy between the ADD and Nold individuals reached 90 % (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) using Alpha2/Theta power density computed at the C3-P3 bipolar channel. Standard rsEEG power density computed from a few posterior bipolar channels successfully classified Nold and ADD individuals, thus encouraging a massive prescreening of neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning the vigilance dysregulation in underserved old seniors.Öğe What electrophysiology tells us about Alzheimer's disease: A window into the synchronization and connectivity of brain neurons(Elsevier, 2020) Babiloni, Claudio; Blinowska, Katarzyna Joanna; Bonanni, Laura; Cichocki, Andrzej; De Haan, Willem; Del Percio, Claudio; Dubois, Bruno; Escudero, Javier; Fernández, Alberto; Frisoni, Giovanni Battista; Güntekin, Bahar; Hajo?, Mihály; Hampel, Harald; Ifeachor, Emmanuel C.; Kilborn, Kerry W.; Kumar, Sanjeev; Johnsen, Kristinn; Johannsson, Magnus; Jeong, Jaeseung; Lebeau, Fiona E.N.; Lizio, Roberta; Lopes da Silva, Fernando H.; Maestu, Fernando; McGeown, William Jonathan; Mckeith, Ian G.; Moretti, Davide Vito; Nobili, Flavio Mariano; Olichney, John; Onofrj, Marco; Palop, Jorge J.; Rowan, Michael; Stocchi, Fabrizio; Struzik, Zbigniew Romuald; Tanila, Heikki; Teipel, Stephan; Taylor, John-Paul; Weiergräber, Marco; Yener, Görsev; Young-Pearse, Tracy; Drinkenburg, Wilhelmus H.; Randall, FionaElectrophysiology provides a real-time readout of neural functions and network capability in different brain states, on temporal (fractions of milliseconds) and spatial (micro, meso, and macro) scales unmet by other methodologies. However, current international guidelines do not endorse the use of electroencephalographic (EEG)/magnetoencephalographic (MEG) biomarkers in clinical trials performed in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), despite a surge in recent validated evidence. This position paper of the ISTAART Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area endorses consolidated and translational electrophysiological techniques applied to both experimental animal models of AD and patients, to probe the effects of AD neuropathology (i.e., brain amyloidosis, tauopathy, and neurodegeneration) on neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning neural excitation/inhibition and neurotransmission as well as brain network dynamics, synchronization, and functional connectivity, reflecting thalamocortical and corticocortical residual capacity. Converging evidence shows relationships between abnormalities in EEG/MEG markers and cognitive deficits in groups of AD patients at different disease stages. The supporting evidence for the application of electrophysiology in AD clinical research as well as drug discovery pathways warrants an international initiative to include the use of EEG/MEG biomarkers in the main multicentric projects planned in AD patients, to produce conclusive findings challenging the present regulatory requirements and guidelines for AD studies.
