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    Does different application modes of universal adhesives with universal resin composites affect the microleakage in class v cavities? an in vitro study
    (2024) Sarı, Ceyda; Akgül, Sinem; Bala, Oya
    Aim: Composite restorations often have gingival margins near the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), where the microleakage of these margins can significantly contribute to the restoration failure, especially in the cervical lesions. It is important to determine the microleakage is crucial, as it typically occurs through the interfacial gap between the tooth and the restoration. Various resin composites and techniques have been developed to minimize this gap and reduce the risk of microleakage. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the levels of microleakage of different modes of a universal adhesive and two novel resin composites in restoring class V cavities in the central incisors. Methods: Sixty-six freshly extracted sound human central incisors of the similar size were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 33 per group) according to the brand of resin composite. Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups based on the Scotch Bond Universal (3 M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA) application protocol used: (a) total etch, (b) self-etch and (c) selective etch. After composite restoration completed with Omnichroma (Tokuyama Dental Corp., Tokyo, Japan) and Filtek Universal Restorative (3 M ESPE, Saint Paul, MN, USA), each tooth was immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsin dye solution at 37C0 for 24 h. After dye penetration, teeth were sectioned and evaluated with conventional (scoring) and digital methods (ImageJ). The intra- and inter-examiner agreement was estimated according to the Kappa statistics and the results were analyzed with the one-way ANNOVA and the Kruskal–Wallis test (p < 0.05). Results: The rates of microleakage of the gingival and incisal margins are statistically similar, regardless of the composite brand and the method of application of the universal adhesive. Conclusion: The microleakage exhibited by current adhesives and resins is independent of the adhesive application mode and measurement method.
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    Effects of storage time and restoration depth on instrumental color adjustment potential of universal resin composites
    (Nihon University, 2022) Akgül, Sinem; Gündoğdu, Ceyda; Bala, Oya
    Purpose: To determine the instrumental color adjustment potential (CAP-I) of 3 universal composites at 2 time intervals and 2 depths. Methods: Omnichroma, Estelite Sigma Quick, and Filtek Universal Restorative were tested. Two types of specimens were prepared. For dual specimens, Class V restorations were created in anterior denture teeth and restored with resin composites. For single specimens, replications were fabricated with resin composites (n = 10). Unrestored teeth were used for comparison. Color was measured with a spectrophotometer at 24 h and 1 month, and CAP-I was calculated. Data were compared by analysis of variance followed by the Student t-test and paired sample t-test. Results: The CAP-I of tested materials ranged from 0.11 to 0.27 at 24 h and from 0.60 to 0.76 at 1 month. At 24 h, Omnichroma yielded the highest values, followed by Estelite Sigma Quick and Filtek Universal Restorative (P < 0.05). CAP-I was significantly higher at 1 month than at 24 h in all groups. In all groups, restorations with a depth of 3.0 mm yielded better results than restorations with a depth of 2.0 mm (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Storage time and restoration depth were positively associated with CAP-I. Single-shade and multi-shade universal composites are good alternatives for color-matched, esthetically satisfying restorations.

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