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    Anxiety among adolescents and young adults during COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-country survey
    (MDPI (Multidisipliner Digital Publishing Institute), 2022) Sabbagh, Heba Jafar; Abdelaziz, Wafaa; Alghamdi, Waleed; Quritum, Maryam; AlKhateeb, Nada AbuBakr; Abourdan, Joud; Qureshi, Nafeesa; Qureshi, Shabnum; Hamoud, Ahmed H. N.; Mahmoud, Nada; Odeh, Ruba; Al-Khanati, Nuraldeen Maher; Jaber, Rawiah; Balkhoyor, Abdulrahman Loaie; Shabi, Mohammed; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Alade, Omolola; Gomaa, Noha; Alnahdi, Raqiya; Mahmoud, Nawal A.; El Wazziki, Hanane; Alnaas, Manal; Samodien, Bahia; Mahmoud, Rawa A.; Abu Assab, Nour; Saad, Sherin; Alhachim, Sondos G.; El Tantawi, Maha
    (1) Background: Adolescents-and-young-adults (AYA) are prone to anxiety. This study assessed AYA's level of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic; and determined if anxiety levels were associated with country-income and region, socio-demographic profile and medical history of individuals. (2) Methods: A survey collected data from participants in 25 countries. Dependent-variables included general-anxiety level, and independent-variables included medical problems, COVID-19 infection, age, sex, education, and country-income-level and region. A multilevel-multinomial-logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the association between dependent, and independent-variables. (3) Results: Of the 6989 respondents, 2964 (42.4%) had normal-anxiety, and 2621 (37.5%), 900 (12.9%) and 504 (7.2%) had mild, moderate and severe-anxiety, respectively. Participants from the African region (AFR) had lower odds of mild, moderate and severe than normal-anxiety compared to those from the Eastern-Mediterranean-region (EMR). Also, participants from lower-middle-income-countries (LMICs) had higher odds of mild and moderate than normal-anxiety compared to those from low-income-countries (LICs). Females, older-adolescents, with medical-problems, suspected-but-not-tested-for-COVID-19, and those with friends/family-infected with COVID-19 had significantly greater odds of different anxiety-levels. (4) Conclusions: One-in-five AYA had moderate to severe-anxiety during the COVID-19-pandemic. There were differences in anxiety-levels among AYAs by region and income-level, emphasizing the need for targeted public health interventions based on nationally-identified priorities.