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Öğe Bisphenol a reveals its obesogenic effects through disrupting glucose tolerance, oxidant–antioxidant balance, and modulating inflammatory cytokines and fibroblast growth factor in zebrafish(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022) Beler, Merih; Cansız, Derya; Ünal, İsmail; Üstündağ, Ünsal Veli; Dandin, Esra; Ak, Esin; Alturfan, A. Ata; Emekli Alturfan, EbruObesogens affect lipid metabolism, and genetic or epigenetic factors may also contribute to the progression of obesity. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are the most striking among obesogens. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic EDC used in food containers, adhesives, dye powders, and dental fillers. We aimed to elucidate molecular mechanisms of BPA’s obesogenic effects focusing on obesogenic pathways in the liver including fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and Dnmt3a which is its epigenetic regulator, oxidant-antioxidant status, and inflammatory cytokines. Zebrafish were divided into three groups as control, low-dose BPA (1 ?m BPA), and high-dose BPA groups (10 ?m BPA). At the end of 30 days, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, fasting blood glucose levels were measured, and hepatopancreas tissues were taken. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and nitric oxide (NO) activities were examined in the hepatopancreas. Inflammatory cytokines, lepa, fgf21, and dnmt3a expressions were determined by RT-PCR. BPA exposure increased the body weights, il1ß, tnf?, il6, lepa, fgf21, and dnmt3a expressions, impaired glucose tolerance, and oxidant–antioxidant status in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatocyte degeneration, lipid vacuolization, and vasocongestion were observed in both BPA-exposed groups. Our study suggests impaired glucose tolerance, oxidant–antioxidant balance, increased inflammatory response, fgf21 expression, and dnmt3a expressions as the possible mechanisms for the BPA-induced obesity model in zebrafish.Öğe Stevioside ameliorates hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, in a diet-induced obese zebrafish model, through epigenetic, oxidative stress and inflammatory regulation(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Dandin, Esra; Üstündağ, Ünsal Veli; Ünal, İsmail; Ateş Kalkan, Perihan Seda; Cansız, Derya; Beler, Merih; Ak, Esin; Alturfan, A. Ata; Emekli Alturfan, EbruObesity is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms affect obesityrelated mechanisms. Due to weight gain concern in society, artificial sweeteners with no nutritional value have been increasingly consumed. Stevia is a sweet natural glycoside and a calorie-free sweetner extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and used as a substitute for artificial sweetners. This study evaluates the effects of stevioside on glucose tolerance, epigenetic and metabolic regulators of insulin resistance, oxidant-antioxidant status and tissue histology in a diet-induced obese (DIO) zebrafish model. After 15 days of overfeeding body weight, and fasting blood glucose, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels and the expressions of fbf21, lepa, ll21, tnf alpha were elevated, where as there was impaired glucose tolerance and lower superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase activities, dnmt3a expression which is an epigenetic tool of insulin resistance. Beneficial effects of stevioside were observed on glucose tolerance, oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators linking obesity to insulin resistance and its epigenetic regulation, in DIO model.Öğe Sudan kaçınma stresi uygulanmış erkek sıçan mesanesinde oksitosin etkisi: Işık ve elektron mikroskobik inceleme(Marmara Üniversitesi, 2015) Ak, Esin; Çikler Dülger, Esra; Özer Şehirli, Ahmet; Tetik, Şermin; Pişiriciler, Rabia; Şener, Göksel; Çetinel, ŞuleÇalışmamızda, erkek sıçanlara uygulanan bir interstisyel sistit modeli olarak kabul gören sudan kaçınma stresinin (SKS) mesane hasarı üzerine etkisi ve oksitosin hormonunun strese bağlı olarak gelişen interstisyel sistit üzerindeki morfolojik ve biyokimyasal etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda her grupta eşit sayıda (n=6) sıçan olmak üzere 24 adet erkek Wistar sıçan 4 gruba ayrılmıştır: 1 Kontrol grubuna (K) herhangi bir işlem uygulanmamıştır. 2. Kronik stres grubuna (KS) 5 gün 2 saat SKS uygulanmıştır. 3. Oksitosin grubuna (OT) 5 gün subkutan (sc) 5 µg/kg oksitosin uygulanmıştır. 4. Kronik Stres +Oksitosin grubuna (KS+OT) kronik stres boyunca 5?g /kg oksitosin sc uygulanmıştır. Deney sonunda mesane dokusu ışık ve elektron mikroskobunda incelenmiştir. Oksidatif stres, malondialdehit (MDA) ve glutatyon (GSH) ölçümleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sistemik stres; serum kortizol tayini ile ölçülmüştür. KS grubuna ait ışık mikroskobik incelemelerde ürotelyumda dökülmeler, bağ dokusunda ödem, polimorf nüveli lökosit artışı, damar içi konjesyon ve degranüle mast hücre artışı izlenirken, KS+OT grubunda belirgin bir iyileşme saptanmıştır. Elektron mikroskobik incelemelerde KS grubunda ürotelyum hücrelerinde hasar, glikozaminoglikan tabakasında düzensizlik ve hücreler arası sıkı bağlantılarda açılma izlenirken, KS+OT grubunda hasarın gerilediği görülmüştür. Serum kortizol, doku MDA ve GSH seviyeleri morfolojik bulgularla uyumlu olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamıza ait veriler erkek sıçanlarda SKS’nin sebep olduğu interstisyel sistite bağlı morfolojik ve biyokimyasal hasarın dişi sıçanlar ile benzer derecede oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca oksitosin tedavisinin oluşan bu hasara karşı koruyucu bir etki gösterdiği gözlenmiştir.Öğe The effect of acetic acid-induced pain in Parkinson's disease model in zebrafish(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Cansız, Derya; Ünal, İsmail; Beler, Merih; Üstündağ, Ünsal Veli; Ak, Esin; Emekli Alturfan, Ebru; Alturfan, Ahmet AtaParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the accumulation of Lewy bodies. Pain is one of the most common non-motor symptoms in PD, but the molecular mechanism of pain in PD is not fully understood, which prevents early diagnosis of PD. We aimed to determine the changes in opioidergic pathways when external pain is inflicted by inducing pain intraperitoneally in zebrafish, for which we generated a rotenone-induced PD model. After behavioural analyses in control(C), acetic acid (AA), rotenone (ROT), and rotenone+ acetic acid (ROT+AA) groups, catecholamine levels in brain tissue were determined by LC-MS/MS, expression of opioid peptides and their receptors by RT-PCR, expression of tyrosine hydroxylase by immunohistochemical method, and analyses of oxidant-antioxidant parameters by spectrophotometric methods. In the ROT group, distance travelled, average speed, and brain dopamine levels decreased, while LPO (lipid peroxidation) and NO (nitric oxide) increased as indicators of oxidative damage, and the SOD activity decreased. The mRNA expression of lrrk, pink1, and park7 genes associated with PD increased, while the mRNA expression of park2 decreased. This indicates that rotenone exposure is a suitable means to induce PD in zebrafish. The fact that body curvature was higher in the AA group than in the ROT and ROT+AA groups, as well as the decreased expression of penka, pdyn, and ion channels associated with the perception of peripheral pain in the ROT+AA group, suggest that mechanisms associated with pain are impaired in the rotenone-induced PD model in zebrafish.
