A randomized controlled study of the effect of functional exercises on postural kyphosis: Schroth-based three-dimensional exercises versus postural corrective exercises

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the effects of postural corrective and Schroth-based three-dimensional exercises on thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA), lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), balance and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with postural kyphosis. Methods: This was a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial with a total of 63 subjects (57 women, 6 men) with TKA of (Formula presented.) 40°. Subjects were separated into three groups: postural corrective exercise group (PCEG), Schroth-based three-dimensional exercise group (SBEG) and control group (CG). Participants in the exercise groups participated in the exercise program twice a week for eight weeks under the supervision of a physiotherapist: CG performed no exercise but was generally informed. The primary outcome variable was TKA. Secondary outcome variables were LLA, balance and QoL. Results: After the functional exercise programs, TKA (mean change for PCEG, SBEG: −9.71, −14.76, p < 0.001), static postural stability index overall (−0.22, −0.40, p < 0.05), and QoL (−0.41, −0.37, p < 0.001) significantly improved in both training groups compared with CG. The LLA (−3.95, p = 0.003) was significantly lower in the SBEG group than in CG. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Schroth-based three-dimensional exercises are an effective treatment for individuals with postural kyphosis and have a large effect size that improves TKA, LLA, balance and QoL. Clinical trial registration number: NCT03706495 Implications for rehabilitation Eight weeks of postural corrective or Schroth-based three-dimensional functional exercise programs are effective in addressing thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA), balance, and quality of life in individuals with postural kyphosis. An eight-week Schroth-based three-dimensional exercise program was more effective than postural corrective exercises in improving TKA, lumbar lordosis angle, and balance for patients with postural kyphosis. Schroth-based three-dimensional exercise programs could promote balance and spinal health in young adults with thoracic kyphosis.